[pac] Add get_asset_check_partition_info storage method

[OwenKephart]

Summary & Motivation

This PR adds a new storage method for fetching a summary record about the status of multiple partitions (of multiple checks) at once.

The current implementation relies on a series of explicit queries against the asset check executions table, but one could imagine a world in which a separate summary table was created and updated on event store, which would result in faster queries.

How I Tested These Changes

Changelog

NOCHANGELOG

[OwenKephart]

Warning

This pull request is not mergeable via GitHub because a downstack PR is open. Once all requirements are satisfied, merge this PR as a stack on Graphite.
Learn more

• [pac] frontend #33255 : 2 dependent PRs (#33288 , #33352 )
• [pac] UI refactor #33254
• [pac] GQL backend #33253
• [pac] reverse order of check event / asset event creation #33348
• [pac] move to PartitionKeyFilter #33336
• [pac] add AssetCheckState #33243
• [pac] Add get_asset_check_partition_info storage method #33242 👈 (View in Graphite)
• [pac] Update user-facing APIs and snapshots #33236
• [pac] Update status resolution logic #33235
• [pac] Add partitions_subset to AssetCheckEvaluationPlanned, partition to AssetCheckEvaluation/AssetCheckEvaluationRecord #33231
• [record] asset_check_evaluation.py #33204
• master

This stack of pull requests is managed by Graphite. Learn more about stacking.