fix: make ResponseFunctionWebSearch.action optional to handle null API responses

src/openai/_models.py

@@ -657,8 +657,11 @@ def construct_type(*, value: object, type_: object, metadata: Optional[List[Any]
         if not is_mapping(value):
             return value
 
-        _, items_type = get_args(type_)  # Dict[_, items_type]
-        return {key: construct_type(value=item, type_=items_type) for key, item in value.items()}
+        dict_args = get_args(type_)
+        if len(dict_args) >= 2:
+            items_type = dict_args[1]
+            return {key: construct_type(value=item, type_=items_type) for key, item in value.items()}
+        return dict(value)
 
     if (
         not is_literal_type(type_)
@@ -678,8 +681,10 @@ def construct_type(*, value: object, type_: object, metadata: Optional[List[Any]
         if not is_list(value):
             return value
 
-        inner_type = args[0]  # List[inner_type]
-        return [construct_type(value=entry, type_=inner_type) for entry in value]
+        if args:
+            inner_type = args[0]  # List[inner_type]
+            return [construct_type(value=entry, type_=inner_type) for entry in value]
+        return list(value)
 
     if origin == float:
         if isinstance(value, int):

src/openai/_utils/_transform.py

@@ -180,8 +180,11 @@ def _transform_recursive(
         return _transform_typeddict(data, stripped_type)
 
     if origin == dict and is_mapping(data):
-        items_type = get_args(stripped_type)[1]
-        return {key: _transform_recursive(value, annotation=items_type) for key, value in data.items()}
+        args = get_args(stripped_type)
+        if len(args) >= 2:
+            items_type = args[1]
+            return {key: _transform_recursive(value, annotation=items_type) for key, value in data.items()}
+        return dict(data)
 
     if (
         # List[T]
@@ -196,6 +199,12 @@ def _transform_recursive(
         if isinstance(data, dict):
             return cast(object, data)
 
+        # bare list/iterable/sequence with no type args - return as-is
+        if not get_args(stripped_type):
+            if is_list(data):
+                return data
+            return list(data)
+
         inner_type = extract_type_arg(stripped_type, 0)
         if _no_transform_needed(inner_type):
             # for some types there is no need to transform anything, so we can get a small
@@ -346,8 +355,11 @@ async def _async_transform_recursive(
         return await _async_transform_typeddict(data, stripped_type)
 
     if origin == dict and is_mapping(data):
-        items_type = get_args(stripped_type)[1]
-        return {key: _transform_recursive(value, annotation=items_type) for key, value in data.items()}
+        args = get_args(stripped_type)
+        if len(args) >= 2:
+            items_type = args[1]
+            return {key: _transform_recursive(value, annotation=items_type) for key, value in data.items()}
+        return dict(data)
 
     if (
         # List[T]
@@ -362,6 +374,12 @@ async def _async_transform_recursive(
         if isinstance(data, dict):
             return cast(object, data)
 
+        # bare list/iterable/sequence with no type args - return as-is
+        if not get_args(stripped_type):
+            if is_list(data):
+                return data
+            return list(data)
+
         inner_type = extract_type_arg(stripped_type, 0)
         if _no_transform_needed(inner_type):
             # for some types there is no need to transform anything, so we can get a small

src/openai/types/responses/response_function_web_search.py

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class ResponseFunctionWebSearch(BaseModel):
     id: str
     """The unique ID of the web search tool call."""
 
-    action: Action
+    action: Optional[Action] = None
     """
     An object describing the specific action taken in this web search call. Includes
     details on how the model used the web (search, open_page, find_in_page).

tests/test_models.py

@@ -1015,3 +1015,25 @@ class Model(BaseModel):
     # falls back to list of chars rather than calling str(["h", "e", "l", "l", "o"])
     assert m.data["items"] == ["h", "e", "l", "l", "o"]
     assert m.model_dump()["data"]["items"] == ["h", "e", "l", "l", "o"]
+
+
+def test_bare_dict_annotation() -> None:
+    result = construct_type(value={"key": "value"}, type_=dict)
+    assert result == {"key": "value"}
+
+    result = construct_type(value={"a": 1, "b": 2}, type_=dict)
+    assert result == {"a": 1, "b": 2}
+
+    result = construct_type(value="not a dict", type_=dict)
+    assert result == "not a dict"
+
+
+def test_bare_list_annotation() -> None:
+    result = construct_type(value=[1, 2, 3], type_=list)
+    assert result == [1, 2, 3]
+
+    result = construct_type(value=["a", "b"], type_=list)
+    assert result == ["a", "b"]
+
+    result = construct_type(value="not a list", type_=list)
+    assert result == "not a list"

tests/test_response_function_web_search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# Tests for ResponseFunctionWebSearch type
+# Verifies that the action field correctly handles None values from the API
+import pytest
+
+from openai.types.responses.response_function_web_search import (
+    ActionSearch,
+    ActionOpenPage,
+    ActionFind,
+    ResponseFunctionWebSearch,
+)
+
+
+def test_response_function_web_search_with_search_action():
+    """Test that a web search call with a search action works correctly."""
+    data = {
+        "id": "ws_123",
+        "action": {
+            "type": "search",
+            "query": "test query",
+            "queries": ["test query"],
+        },
+        "status": "completed",
+        "type": "web_search_call",
+    }
+    result = ResponseFunctionWebSearch(**data)
+    assert result.id == "ws_123"
+    assert result.action is not None
+    assert isinstance(result.action, ActionSearch)
+    assert result.action.type == "search"
+    assert result.action.query == "test query"
+
+
+def test_response_function_web_search_with_open_page_action():
+    """Test that a web search call with an open_page action works correctly."""
+    data = {
+        "id": "ws_456",
+        "action": {
+            "type": "open_page",
+            "url": "https://example.com",
+        },
+        "status": "completed",
+        "type": "web_search_call",
+    }
+    result = ResponseFunctionWebSearch(**data)
+    assert result.id == "ws_456"
+    assert result.action is not None
+    assert isinstance(result.action, ActionOpenPage)
+    assert result.action.type == "open_page"
+    assert result.action.url == "https://example.com"
+
+
+def test_response_function_web_search_with_find_action():
+    """Test that a web search call with a find_in_page action works correctly."""
+    data = {
+        "id": "ws_789",
+        "action": {
+            "type": "find_in_page",
+            "pattern": "search term",
+            "url": "https://example.com",
+        },
+        "status": "completed",
+        "type": "web_search_call",
+    }
+    result = ResponseFunctionWebSearch(**data)
+    assert result.id == "ws_789"
+    assert result.action is not None
+    assert isinstance(result.action, ActionFind)
+    assert result.action.type == "find_in_page"
+    assert result.action.pattern == "search term"
+
+
+def test_response_function_web_search_with_none_action():
+    """Test that a web search call with action=None works correctly.
+
+    This is a regression test for GitHub issue #3179.
+    The API can return null for the action field in some cases
+    (e.g., when the search is still in progress or the action
+    hasn't been determined yet).
+    """
+    data = {
+        "id": "ws_abc",
+        "action": None,
+        "status": "completed",
+        "type": "web_search_call",
+    }
+    result = ResponseFunctionWebSearch(**data)
+    assert result.id == "ws_abc"
+    assert result.action is None
+    assert result.status == "completed"
+
+
+def test_response_function_web_search_without_action():
+    """Test that a web search call without action field defaults to None."""
+    data = {
+        "id": "ws_def",
+        "status": "in_progress",
+        "type": "web_search_call",
+    }
+    result = ResponseFunctionWebSearch(**data)
+    assert result.id == "ws_def"
+    assert result.action is None
+    assert result.status == "in_progress"
+
+
+def test_response_function_web_search_action_none_safe_access():
+    """Test that users can safely check action type with None action.
+
+    This demonstrates the fix for issue #3179 - users can now safely
+    access action.type without AttributeError when action is None.
+    """
+    data_with_action = {
+        "id": "ws_1",
+        "action": {"type": "search", "query": "test"},
+        "status": "completed",
+        "type": "web_search_call",
+    }
+    data_without_action = {
+        "id": "ws_2",
+        "action": None,
+        "status": "completed",
+        "type": "web_search_call",
+    }
+
+    result_with = ResponseFunctionWebSearch(**data_with_action)
+    result_without = ResponseFunctionWebSearch(**data_without_action)
+
+    # This pattern should work without errors
+    search_count = 0
+    for result in [result_with, result_without]:
+        if result.action is not None and result.action.type == "search":
+            search_count += 1
+
+    assert search_count == 1

tests/test_transform.py

@@ -458,3 +458,25 @@ async def test_strips_notgiven(use_async: bool) -> None:
 async def test_strips_omit(use_async: bool) -> None:
     assert await transform({"foo_bar": "bar"}, Foo1, use_async) == {"fooBar": "bar"}
     assert await transform({"foo_bar": omit}, Foo1, use_async) == {}
+
+
+class BareDictParams(TypedDict, total=False):
+    metadata: dict
+
+
+@parametrize
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_bare_dict_in_typeddict(use_async: bool) -> None:
+    result = await transform({"metadata": {"key": "value"}}, BareDictParams, use_async)
+    assert result == {"metadata": {"key": "value"}}
+
+
+class BareListParams(TypedDict, total=False):
+    items: list
+
+
+@parametrize
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_bare_list_in_typeddict(use_async: bool) -> None:
+    result = await transform({"items": [1, 2, 3]}, BareListParams, use_async)
+    assert result == {"items": [1, 2, 3]}