Switch to slim base images for components and frontend

[jsonmp-k8]

Summary

Use slim variants of base images in component definitions and the frontend Dockerfile to reduce container image sizes. This targets components that do not require system tools like git or gcc at runtime.

• frontend: node:22.19 -> node:22.19-slim
• Google Cloud starry_net (8 components): python:3.9 -> python:3.9-slim
• Google Cloud forecasting: python:3.8 -> python:3.8-slim
• Snowflake (2 files): python:3.11 -> python:3.11-slim
• PyTorch launcher sample: python:3.11 -> python:3.11-slim

The SDK default base image (python:3.11) is intentionally unchanged, as lightweight Python components rely on system tools (e.g. git) that are not available in slim images.

Test plan

• Verify all pre-commit checks pass
• Verify E2E tests pass (no impact expected since only explicit component images are changed, not the SDK default)
• Verify frontend builds successfully with node:22.19-slim

[github-actions]

🎉 Welcome to the Kubeflow Pipelines repo! 🎉

Thanks for opening your first PR! We're excited to have you onboard 🚀

Next steps:

• Check out the Contributing Guide for repo-specific guidelines and the Kubeflow Contributor Guide for general community standards
• Join our #kubeflow-pipelines Slack channel
• Attend the Kubeflow Pipelines WG meetings

Feel free to ask questions in the comments.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR switches from full base images to slim variants across Dockerfiles, SDK defaults, and component definitions to reduce container image sizes. The change affects the default KFP component base image (reducing it from ~900MB to ~150MB), backend/frontend Dockerfiles, and numerous existing component definitions across the codebase.

Changes:

• Updates the SDK's _DEFAULT_BASE_IMAGE from python:3.11 to python:3.11-slim
• Switches backend Dockerfile to use python:3.11-slim (compiler stage) and debian:stable-slim (runtime stage)
• Switches frontend Dockerfile to use node:22.19-slim for the build stage
• Updates 18 component definitions to use slim Python base images (3.7-slim, 3.8-slim, 3.9-slim, 3.11-slim)

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 18 out of 18 changed files in this pull request and generated 3 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
sdk/python/kfp/dsl/component_factory.py	Changes default base image constant to python:3.11-slim
sdk/python/kfp/dsl/component_decorator.py	Updates docstring example to use python:3.11-slim
backend/Dockerfile	Switches compiler stage to python:3.11-slim and runtime stage to debian:stable-slim
frontend/Dockerfile	Switches build stage to node:22.19-slim
samples/core/secret/secret.py	Updates to python:3.7-slim
components/snowflake/snowflake_unload_data.py	Updates to python:3.11-slim
components/snowflake/component.yaml	Updates compiled YAML to python:3.11-slim
components/kubeflow/pytorch-launcher/sample.py	Updates to python:3.11-slim
components/google-cloud/.../prepare_data_for_train/component.py	Updates to python:3.8-slim
components/google-cloud/...starry_net/upload_decomposition_plots/component.py	Updates to python:3.9-slim
components/google-cloud/...starry_net/set_train_args/component.py	Updates to python:3.9-slim
components/google-cloud/...starry_net/set_tfrecord_args/component.py	Updates to python:3.9-slim
components/google-cloud/...starry_net/set_test_set/component.py	Updates to python:3.9-slim
components/google-cloud/...starry_net/set_eval_args/component.py	Updates to python:3.9-slim
components/google-cloud/...starry_net/set_dataprep_args/component.py	Updates to python:3.9-slim
components/google-cloud/...starry_net/maybe_set_tfrecord_args/component.py	Updates to python:3.9-slim
components/google-cloud/...starry_net/get_training_artifacts/component.py	Updates to python:3.9-slim
backend/test/resources/artifact_pipeline.py	Updates test to python:3.11-slim

[jsonmp-k8]

/ok-to-test

[google-oss-prow]

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