macloop

🎙️ Build programmable macOS audio pipelines in Python without routing your whole machine through a virtual driver.

macloop is a Python-first audio capture toolkit backed by a real-time Rust engine. It lets you capture microphones, system audio, or individual applications, route one stream into multiple consumers, apply processors, and feed the results into sinks such as ASR and WAV recording, all from one in-process API.

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✨ Why macloop?

Virtual devices such as BlackHole are useful when you need a system-wide loopback device. macloop targets a different workflow: programmable capture pipelines inside an application.

macloop vs virtual-driver workflows

Capability	macloop	BlackHole-style virtual driver
Capture microphone audio	✅	✅
Capture system audio	✅	✅
Capture a single app (for example Zoom)	✅	❌ typically not directly
Route one stream into several consumers	✅	❌ external wiring needed
Run processors in the capture pipeline	✅	❌ outside the driver
Voice-processed microphone path	✅ via vpio_enabled=True	❌ not provided by the driver itself
Noise suppression / echo cancellation as part of the pipeline	⚠️ pipeline-ready, but not exposed as built-in public nodes yet	❌ external tooling required
Feed Python ASR chunks directly	✅	❌ extra bridge required
Record and transcribe the same meeting at once	✅	⚠️ possible, but usually with extra routing glue
Requires changing your default output device	❌	often ✅
Requires a virtual audio device to be installed	❌	✅

Why this matters: if your goal is “capture, transform, split, and consume audio in Python”, macloop removes a lot of the manual patch-bay work.

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🧱 Tech Stack

Layer	Technology
Public API	Python
Native bindings	PyO3
Audio engine	Rust
macOS capture backends	CoreAudio, ScreenCaptureKit
Array transport to Python	NumPy

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🧩 What You Can Build

macloop is designed as a modular pipeline:

Source -> Processor(s) -> Route(s) -> Sink(s)

Examples:

• Record a meeting to WAV while streaming microphone chunks to an ASR engine.
• Capture only Zoom audio instead of the entire system mix.
• Split one microphone stream into separate routes for transcription, monitoring, and archival recording.
• Build deterministic tests with a synthetic source before touching real devices.

Current building blocks

Category	Available today
Sources	MicrophoneSource, SystemAudioSource, AppAudioSource, SyntheticSource
Processors	GainProcessor
Sinks	AsrSink, WavSink
ASR delivery	sync iteration and asyncio iteration
Output formats	AsrSink: f32 / i16, mono or stereo
Metrics	engine.stats(), asr_sink.stats(), wav_sink.stats()

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🚀 Installation

1. Create a virtual environment

python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate

2. Upgrade packaging tools

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

3. Install macloop

pip install macloop

Requirements

• macOS
• Python 3.9+

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▶️ Quick Start

The example below creates a small audio graph:

• capture the microphone
• apply a gain processor
• split the stream into two routes
• record one route to WAV
• send the other route to an ASR sink

import macloop


with macloop.AudioEngine() as engine:
    mic = engine.create_stream(
        macloop.MicrophoneSource,
        device_id=None,
        vpio_enabled=True,
    )

    engine.add_processor(
        stream=mic,
        processor=macloop.GainProcessor(gain=1.2),
    )

    mic_for_asr = engine.route("mic_for_asr", stream=mic)
    mic_for_wav = engine.route("mic_for_wav", stream=mic)

    wav_sink = macloop.WavSink(route=mic_for_wav, file="out/mic.wav")
    asr_sink = macloop.AsrSink(
        routes=[mic_for_asr],
        chunk_frames=320,
        sample_rate=16_000,
        channels=1,
        sample_format="f32",
    )

    for chunk in asr_sink.chunks():
        print(chunk.route_id, chunk.frames, chunk.samples.dtype)
        break

    asr_sink.close()
    wav_sink.close()

AudioChunk.samples is a NumPy array:

• np.float32 for sample_format="f32"
• np.int16 for sample_format="i16"

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🎧 Real Example: Record And Transcribe A Meeting

This is the workflow macloop is built for: one pipeline, multiple outputs.

import macloop


def find_zoom_pids() -> list[int]:
    pids = []
    for app in macloop.AppAudioSource.list_applications():
        if "zoom" in app["name"].lower():
            pids.append(int(app["pid"]))
    if not pids:
        raise RuntimeError("Zoom is not running")
    return pids


with macloop.AudioEngine() as engine:
    mic = engine.create_stream(macloop.MicrophoneSource, vpio_enabled=True)
    zoom = engine.create_stream(macloop.AppAudioSource, pids=find_zoom_pids())

    mic_for_asr = engine.route("mic_for_asr", stream=mic)
    zoom_for_asr = engine.route("zoom_for_asr", stream=zoom)
    mic_for_wav = engine.route("mic_for_wav", stream=mic)
    zoom_for_wav = engine.route("zoom_for_wav", stream=zoom)

    wav_sink = macloop.WavSink(
        routes=[mic_for_wav, zoom_for_wav],
        file="out/meeting.wav",
    )

    asr_sink = macloop.AsrSink(
        routes=[mic_for_asr, zoom_for_asr],
        chunk_frames=320,
        sample_rate=16_000,
        channels=1,
        sample_format="f32",
    )

    # Long-running pipeline: keep consuming until your app decides to stop.
    for chunk in asr_sink.chunks():
        print(chunk.route_id, chunk.frames)
        # Send chunk.samples into your ASR engine here.

Notes:

• AsrSink emits independent chunks per route.
• WavSink can mix several routes into one file.
• If mix_gain is not provided, WavSink uses 1 / N by default.

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⚡ Asyncio

AsrSink also supports async consumption:

import asyncio
import macloop


async def main() -> None:
    with macloop.AudioEngine() as engine:
        mic = engine.create_stream(macloop.MicrophoneSource, vpio_enabled=True)
        mic_for_asr = engine.route(stream=mic)

        with macloop.AsrSink(
            routes=[mic_for_asr],
            chunk_frames=320,
            sample_rate=16_000,
            channels=1,
            sample_format="f32",
        ) as asr_sink:
            async for chunk in asr_sink.chunks_async():
                print(chunk.route_id, chunk.frames)
                break


asyncio.run(main())

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🔎 Device Discovery

Microphones

import macloop

for mic in macloop.MicrophoneSource.list_devices():
    print(mic["id"], mic["name"], mic["is_default"])

Displays

import macloop

for display in macloop.SystemAudioSource.list_displays():
    print(display["id"], display["name"], display["width"], display["height"])

Applications

import macloop

for app in macloop.AppAudioSource.list_applications():
    print(app["pid"], app["name"], app["bundle_id"])

If engine.create_stream(macloop.SystemAudioSource, ...) is called without an explicit display_id, macloop uses the first available display.

engine.create_stream(macloop.AppAudioSource, ...) requires explicit pids. Use AppAudioSource.list_applications() to choose one or more target applications first.

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🛠️ Example Scripts

The scripts below live in this repository, so run them from a source checkout.

Record microphone audio to WAV

python examples/write_to_wav.py --seconds 5 --output out/mic.wav

Stream microphone audio into Sherpa ONNX

uv run --with sherpa-onnx --with huggingface_hub --reinstall-package macloop \
  python examples/sherpa_asr_demo.py --seconds 5

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📊 Telemetry

macloop exposes metrics at different levels of the pipeline:

• engine.stats() for per-stream real-time pipeline and processor metrics
• asr_sink.stats() for per-route ASR sink metrics
• wav_sink.stats() for WAV writer metrics

This makes it possible to inspect latency and drops at the node level instead of relying only on a single average number.

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🗺️ Roadmap

• Add more built-in processors beyond GainProcessor
• Add zero-copy / lease-release delivery for Python
• Add richer pipeline examples for meeting bots and voice agents
• Add WebRTC AEC in a future iteration, with a routing model that can handle capture and reference streams cleanly

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📄 License

MIT