`vite build` intermittently hangs after transform completes when bundling CJS packages process never exits

[jetersen]

Describe the bug

When running vite build repeatedly, the process intermittently hangs after printing ✓ N modules transformed.. The build output is written correctly to dist/ but the process never exits and must be killed. Repro rate is roughly 10-20% of runs.

The hang is triggered by bundling CJS packages. Externalizing all CJS packages eliminates the hang entirely across 50 consecutive builds. undici alone is the biggest contributor (~100 modules) but other CJS packages (semver, yaml, ignore, @octokit/* etc.) also contribute.

CPU profile analysis shows ~99% of samples are (idle) - the Node.js event loop is completely idle for the full hang duration (~10s). A handful of samples show rolldown#build completing, after which the process just waits. This suggests rolldown's native Rust worker threads are not signalling back to the Node.js event loop on completion when processing CJS modules.

CPU.20260308.215438.228120.0.001.cpuprofile

Reproduction

https://github.com/jetersen/vite-8-build-hang

Steps to reproduce

git clone https://github.com/jetersen/vite-8-build-hang
cd vite-8-build-hang
npm install
bash scripts/stress-build.sh

1. Install vite 8.0.0-beta.16
2. Add @actions/core as a dependency (which transitively brings in undici and other CJS packages)
3. Run node node_modules/.bin/vite build in a loop 50 times
4. Observe occasional hangs after ✓ N modules transformed.

Initially observed in release-drafter/release-drafter#1526

System Info

System:
    OS: Linux 6.19 CachyOS Linux
    CPU: (16) x64 AMD Ryzen 7 9800X3D 8-Core Processor
    Memory: 43.25 GB / 60.41 GB
    Container: Yes
    Shell: 4.5.0 - /bin/fish
  Binaries:
    Node: 24.14.0 - /home/joseph/.local/share/mise/installs/node/24.14.0/bin/node
    npm: 11.11.0 - /home/joseph/.local/share/mise/installs/npm/11.11.0/bin/npm
    bun: 1.3.10 - /usr/bin/bun
    Deno: 2.7.4 - /usr/bin/deno
  Browsers:
    Firefox: 148.0
    Firefox Developer Edition: 148.0
  npmPackages:
    vite: ^8.0.0-beta.16 => 8.0.0-beta.16

Used Package Manager

npm

Logs

Click to expand!

standard error:

vite v8.0.0-beta.16 building client environment for production...
�[2K
transforming...✓ 362 modules transformed.

standard out

  vite:config config file loaded in 33.58ms +0ms
  vite:env loading env files: [
  vite:env   '/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter/.env',
  vite:env   '/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter/.env.local',
  vite:env   '/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter/.env.production',
  vite:env   '/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter/.env.production.local'
  vite:env ] +0ms
  vite:env env files loaded in 0.20ms +0ms
  vite:env using resolved env: {} +0ms
  vite:config using resolved config: {
  vite:config   plugins: [
  vite:config     'vite:watch-package-data',
  vite:config     'builtin:vite-alias',
  vite:config     'vite-tsconfig-paths',
  vite:config     'native:modulepreload-polyfill',
  vite:config     'vite:resolve-builtin:get-environment',
  vite:config     'vite:resolve-builtin',
  vite:config     'vite:html-inline-proxy',
  vite:config     'vite:css',
  vite:config     'native:transform',
  vite:config     'builtin:vite-json',
  vite:config     'vite:wasm-helper',
  vite:config     'vite:worker',
  vite:config     'vite:asset',
  vite:config     'builtin:vite-wasm-fallback',
  vite:config     'vite:define',
  vite:config     'vite:css-post',
  vite:config     'vite:build-html',
  vite:config     'vite:worker-import-meta-url',
  vite:config     'vite:asset-import-meta-url',
  vite:config     'vite:prepare-out-dir',
  vite:config     'vite:rollup-options-plugins',
  vite:config     'native:dynamic-import-vars',
  vite:config     'builtin:vite-import-glob',
  vite:config     'vite:build-import-analysis',
  vite:config     'native:import-analysis-build',
  vite:config     'vite:terser',
  vite:config     'vite:license',
  vite:config     'vite:manifest',
  vite:config     'vite:ssr-manifest',
  vite:config     'native:reporter',
  vite:config     'builtin:vite-load-fallback'
  vite:config   ],
  vite:config   build: {
  vite:config     target: 'node24',
  vite:config     polyfillModulePreload: true,
  vite:config     modulePreload: { polyfill: true },
  vite:config     outDir: 'dist',
  vite:config     assetsDir: 'assets',
  vite:config     assetsInlineLimit: 4096,
  vite:config     sourcemap: false,
  vite:config     terserOptions: {},
  vite:config     rolldownOptions: {
  vite:config       platform: 'browser',
  vite:config       external: [Function: external],
  vite:config       input: {
  vite:config         'actions/drafter/run': 'src/actions/drafter/run.ts',
  vite:config         'actions/autolabeler/run': 'src/actions/autolabeler/run.ts'
  vite:config       },
  vite:config       output: {
  vite:config         format: 'es',
  vite:config         entryFileNames: '[name].js',
  vite:config         chunkFileNames: 'chunks/[name].js',
  vite:config         paths: [Function: paths]
  vite:config       }
  vite:config     },
  vite:config     commonjsOptions: { include: [ /node_modules/ ], extensions: [ '.js', '.cjs' ] },
  vite:config     dynamicImportVarsOptions: { exclude: [ /node_modules/ ] },
  vite:config     write: true,
  vite:config     emptyOutDir: null,
  vite:config     copyPublicDir: true,
  vite:config     license: false,
  vite:config     manifest: false,
  vite:config     lib: false,
  vite:config     ssrManifest: false,
  vite:config     ssrEmitAssets: false,
  vite:config     reportCompressedSize: true,
  vite:config     chunkSizeWarningLimit: 500,
  vite:config     watch: null,
  vite:config     cssCodeSplit: true,
  vite:config     minify: false,
  vite:config     rollupOptions: {
  vite:config       platform: 'browser',
  vite:config       external: [Function: external],
  vite:config       input: {
  vite:config         'actions/drafter/run': 'src/actions/drafter/run.ts',
  vite:config         'actions/autolabeler/run': 'src/actions/autolabeler/run.ts'
  vite:config       },
  vite:config       output: {
  vite:config         format: 'es',
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  vite:config         chunkFileNames: 'chunks/[name].js',
  vite:config         paths: [Function: paths]
  vite:config       }
  vite:config     },
  vite:config     ssr: false,
  vite:config     emitAssets: true,
  vite:config     createEnvironment: [Function: createEnvironment],
  vite:config     cssTarget: 'node24',
  vite:config     cssMinify: false
  vite:config   },
  vite:config   test: {
  vite:config     include: [ 'src/tests/**/*.test.ts' ],
  vite:config     testTimeout: 60000,
  vite:config     setupFiles: [ 'src/tests/setup.ts' ],
  vite:config     coverage: {
  vite:config       enabled: true,
  vite:config       reporter: [ 'json-summary' ],
  vite:config       include: [ 'src/**/*.ts' ],
  vite:config       exclude: [
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  vite:config         'src/scripts/**/*',
  vite:config         'src/**/*.generated.ts'
  vite:config       ]
  vite:config     }
  vite:config   },
  vite:config   worker: {
  vite:config     format: 'iife',
  vite:config     plugins: '() => plugins',
  vite:config     rollupOptions: {},
  vite:config     rolldownOptions: {}
  vite:config   },
  vite:config   optimizeDeps: {
  vite:config     include: [],
  vite:config     exclude: [],
  vite:config     needsInterop: [],
  vite:config     rolldownOptions: { resolve: { symlinks: true }, output: { topLevelVar: true } },
  vite:config     extensions: [],
  vite:config     disabled: undefined,
  vite:config     holdUntilCrawlEnd: true,
  vite:config     force: false,
  vite:config     ignoreOutdatedRequests: false,
  vite:config     noDiscovery: false,
  vite:config     rollupOptions: [Getter/Setter],
  vite:config     esbuildOptions: { preserveSymlinks: false }
  vite:config   },
  vite:config   environments: {
  vite:config     client: {
  vite:config       define: undefined,
  vite:config       resolve: {
  vite:config         externalConditions: [ 'node', 'module-sync' ],
  vite:config         extensions: [
  vite:config           '.mjs',  '.js',
  vite:config           '.mts',  '.ts',
  vite:config           '.jsx',  '.tsx',
  vite:config           '.json'
  vite:config         ],
  vite:config         dedupe: [],
  vite:config         noExternal: [],
  vite:config         external: [],
  vite:config         preserveSymlinks: false,
  vite:config         tsconfigPaths: false,
  vite:config         alias: [
  vite:config           {
  vite:config             find: /^\/?@vite\/env/,
  vite:config             replacement: '/@fs/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter/node_modules/vite/dist/client/env.mjs'
  vite:config           },
  vite:config           {
  vite:config             find: /^\/?@vite\/client/,
  vite:config             replacement: '/@fs/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter/node_modules/vite/dist/client/client.mjs'
  vite:config           }
  vite:config         ],
  vite:config         mainFields: [ 'browser', 'module', 'jsnext:main', 'jsnext' ],
  vite:config         conditions: [ 'module', 'browser', 'development|production' ],
  vite:config         builtins: []
  vite:config       },
  vite:config       keepProcessEnv: false,
  vite:config       consumer: 'client',
  vite:config       optimizeDeps: {
  vite:config         include: [],
  vite:config         exclude: [],
  vite:config         needsInterop: [],
  vite:config         rolldownOptions: { resolve: { symlinks: true }, output: { topLevelVar: true } },
  vite:config         extensions: [],
  vite:config         disabled: undefined,
  vite:config         holdUntilCrawlEnd: true,
  vite:config         force: false,
  vite:config         ignoreOutdatedRequests: false,
  vite:config         noDiscovery: false,
  vite:config         rollupOptions: [Getter/Setter],
  vite:config         esbuildOptions: { preserveSymlinks: false }
  vite:config       },
  vite:config       dev: {
  vite:config         warmup: [],
  vite:config         sourcemap: { js: true },
  vite:config         sourcemapIgnoreList: [Function: isInNodeModules],
  vite:config         preTransformRequests: true,
  vite:config         createEnvironment: [Function: defaultCreateClientDevEnvironment],
  vite:config         recoverable: true,
  vite:config         moduleRunnerTransform: false
  vite:config       },
  vite:config       build: {
  vite:config         target: 'node24',
  vite:config         polyfillModulePreload: true,
  vite:config         modulePreload: { polyfill: true },
  vite:config         outDir: 'dist',
  vite:config         assetsDir: 'assets',
  vite:config         assetsInlineLimit: 4096,
  vite:config         sourcemap: false,
  vite:config         terserOptions: {},
  vite:config         rolldownOptions: {
  vite:config           platform: 'browser',
  vite:config           external: [Function: external],
  vite:config           input: {
  vite:config             'actions/drafter/run': 'src/actions/drafter/run.ts',
  vite:config             'actions/autolabeler/run': 'src/actions/autolabeler/run.ts'
  vite:config           },
  vite:config           output: {
  vite:config             format: 'es',
  vite:config             entryFileNames: '[name].js',
  vite:config             chunkFileNames: 'chunks/[name].js',
  vite:config             paths: [Function: paths]
  vite:config           }
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         commonjsOptions: { include: [ /node_modules/ ], extensions: [ '.js', '.cjs' ] },
  vite:config         dynamicImportVarsOptions: { exclude: [ /node_modules/ ] },
  vite:config         write: true,
  vite:config         emptyOutDir: null,
  vite:config         copyPublicDir: true,
  vite:config         license: false,
  vite:config         manifest: false,
  vite:config         lib: false,
  vite:config         ssrManifest: false,
  vite:config         ssrEmitAssets: false,
  vite:config         reportCompressedSize: true,
  vite:config         chunkSizeWarningLimit: 500,
  vite:config         watch: null,
  vite:config         cssCodeSplit: true,
  vite:config         minify: false,
  vite:config         rollupOptions: {
  vite:config           platform: 'browser',
  vite:config           external: [Function: external],
  vite:config           input: {
  vite:config             'actions/drafter/run': 'src/actions/drafter/run.ts',
  vite:config             'actions/autolabeler/run': 'src/actions/autolabeler/run.ts'
  vite:config           },
  vite:config           output: {
  vite:config             format: 'es',
  vite:config             entryFileNames: '[name].js',
  vite:config             chunkFileNames: 'chunks/[name].js',
  vite:config             paths: [Function: paths]
  vite:config           }
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         ssr: false,
  vite:config         emitAssets: true,
  vite:config         createEnvironment: [Function: createEnvironment],
  vite:config         cssTarget: 'node24',
  vite:config         cssMinify: false
  vite:config       },
  vite:config       plugins: [
  vite:config         {
  vite:config           name: 'vite:watch-package-data',
  vite:config           buildStart: [Function: buildStart],
  vite:config           buildEnd: [Function: buildEnd],
  vite:config           watchChange: [Function: watchChange]
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         BuiltinPlugin {
  vite:config           enforce: undefined,
  vite:config           name: 'builtin:vite-alias',
  vite:config           _options: {
  vite:config             entries: [
  vite:config               {
  vite:config                 find: /^\/?@vite\/env/,
  vite:config                 replacement: '/@fs/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter/node_modules/vite/dist/client/env.mjs'
  vite:config               },
  vite:config               {
  vite:config                 find: /^\/?@vite\/client/,
  vite:config                 replacement: '/@fs/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter/node_modules/vite/dist/client/client.mjs'
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  vite:config           }
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         {
  vite:config           name: 'vite-tsconfig-paths',
  vite:config           enforce: 'pre',
  vite:config           configResolved: [Function: configResolved],
  vite:config           configureServer: [Function: configureServer],
  vite:config           buildStart: [Function: buildStart],
  vite:config           resolveId: [AsyncFunction: resolveId]
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         BuiltinPlugin {
  vite:config           enforce: undefined,
  vite:config           name: 'builtin:vite-module-preload-polyfill',
  vite:config           _options: { isServer: false }
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         {
  vite:config           name: 'vite:resolve-builtin:get-environment',
  vite:config           buildStart: [Function: buildStart],
  vite:config           perEnvironmentStartEndDuringDev: true
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         BuiltinPlugin {
  vite:config           enforce: undefined,
  vite:config           name: 'builtin:vite-resolve',
  vite:config           _options: {
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  vite:config               isProduction: true,
  vite:config               asSrc: true,
  vite:config               preferRelative: false,
  vite:config               isRequire: undefined,
  vite:config               root: '/home/joseph/git/code/release-drafter',
  vite:config               scan: false,
  vite:config               mainFields: [ 'browser', 'module', 'jsnext:main', 'jsnext', 'main' ],
  vite:config               conditions: [ 'module', 'browser', 'development|production' ],
  vite:config               externalConditions: [ 'node', 'module-sync' ],
  vite:config               extensions: [
  vite:config                 '.mjs',  '.js',
  vite:config                 '.mts',  '.ts',
  vite:config                 '.jsx',  '.tsx',
  vite:config                 '.json'
  vite:config               ],
  vite:config               tryIndex: true,
  vite:config               tryPrefix: undefined,
  vite:config               preserveSymlinks: false,
  vite:config               tsconfigPaths: false
  vite:config             },
  vite:config             environmentConsumer: 'client',
  vite:config             environmentName: 'client',
  vite:config             builtins: [],
  vite:config             external: [],
  vite:config             noExternal: [],
  vite:config             dedupe: [],
  vite:config             disableCache: false,
  vite:config             legacyInconsistentCjsInterop: undefined,
  vite:config             finalizeBareSpecifier: undefined,
  vite:config             finalizeOtherSpecifiers: undefined,
  vite:config             resolveSubpathImports: [Function: resolveSubpathImports],
  vite:config             yarnPnp: false
  vite:config           },
  vite:config           load: [AsyncFunction (anonymous)],
  vite:config           resolveId: [AsyncFunction (anonymous)],
  vite:config           transform: [AsyncFunction (anonymous)],
  vite:config           watchChange: [AsyncFunction (anonymous)],
  vite:config           perEnvironmentWatchChangeDuringDev: true
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         {
  vite:config           name: 'vite:html-inline-proxy',
  vite:config           resolveId: {
  vite:config             filter: { id: /[?&]html-proxy\b/ },
  vite:config             handler: [Function: handler]
  vite:config           },
  vite:config           load: {
  vite:config             filter: { id: /[?&]html-proxy\b/ },
  vite:config             handler: [Function: handler]
  vite:config           }
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         {
  vite:config           name: 'vite:css',
  vite:config           buildStart: [Function: buildStart],
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  vite:config           load: {
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  vite:config             handler: [AsyncFunction: handler]
  vite:config           },
  vite:config           transform: {
  vite:config             filter: {
  vite:config               id: {
  vite:config                 include: /\.(css|less|sass|scss|styl|stylus|pcss|postcss|sss)(?:$|\?)/,
  vite:config                 exclude: [
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  vite:config                   /[?&](?:worker|sharedworker|raw|url)\b/
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  vite:config             },
  vite:config             handler: [AsyncFunction: handler]
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  vite:config             include: [ /\.(m?ts|[jt]sx)$/ ],
  vite:config             exclude: [ /\.js$/ ],
  vite:config             jsxRefreshInclude: undefined,
  vite:config             jsxRefreshExclude: undefined,
  vite:config             isServerConsumer: false,
  vite:config             jsxInject: undefined,
  vite:config             transformOptions: { jsx: { development: false }, sourcemap: true },
  vite:config             yarnPnp: false
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  vite:config             filter: { id: /^vite\/wasm\-helper\.js$/ },
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  vite:config           },
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  vite:config           renderChunk: undefined
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  vite:config             filter: { id: /(?:\?|&)worker_file&type=(\w+)(?:&|$)/ },
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  vite:config           resolveId: {
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  vite:config               ]
  vite:config             },
  vite:config             handler: [Function: handler]
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  vite:config           load: {
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  vite:config                   /(\?|&)url(?:&|$)/,
  vite:config                   /\.(apng|bmp|png|jpe?g|jfif|pjpeg|pjp|gif|svg|ico|webp|avif|cur|jxl|mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac|opus|mov|m4a|vtt|woff2?|eot|ttf|otf|webmanifest|pdf|txt)(\?.*)?$/i
  vite:config                 ],
  vite:config                 exclude: /^\0/
  vite:config               }
  vite:config             },
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  vite:config           },
  vite:config           renderChunk: [Function: renderChunk],
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  vite:config           watchChange: [Function: watchChange]
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  vite:config         BuiltinPlugin {
  vite:config           enforce: undefined,
  vite:config           name: 'builtin:vite-wasm-fallback',
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  vite:config           load: [AsyncFunction (anonymous)],
  vite:config           resolveId: [AsyncFunction (anonymous)],
  vite:config           transform: [AsyncFunction (anonymous)],
  vite:config           watchChange: [AsyncFunction (anonymous)]
  vite:config         },
  vite:config         { name: 'vite:define', options: [Function: options] },
  vite:config         {
  vite:config           name: 'vite:css-post',
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  vite:config               id: {
  vite:config                 include: /\.(css|less|sass|scss|styl|stylus|pcss|postcss|sss)(?:$|\?)/,
  vite:config                 exclude: [
  vite:config                   /[?&]commonjs-proxy/,
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Validations

• Follow our Code of Conduct
• Read the Contributing Guidelines.
• Read the docs.
• Check that there isn't already an issue that reports the same bug to avoid creating a duplicate.
• Make sure this is a Vite issue and not a framework-specific issue. For example, if it's a Vue SFC related bug, it should likely be reported to vuejs/core instead.
• Check that this is a concrete bug. For Q&A open a GitHub Discussion or join our Discord Chat Server.
• The provided reproduction is a minimal reproducible example of the bug.

[jetersen]

Seems to be fixed by rolldown/rolldown#8518 I tested with a simple override https://github.com/jetersen/vite-8-build-hang/commit/efbd9db4b0b9c2641ca3ecbb439bd6574968e2a3

So ya #21764 should fix this issue

[sapphi-red]

#21790 updated Rolldown to 1.0.0-rc.8, which should fix this issue