hamming: Implement Hamming distance

Author: tavianator

src/hamming.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+//! Hamming space.
+
+use crate::distance::{Metric, Proximity};
+
+use num_traits::PrimInt;
+
+/// A point in Hamming space.
+///
+/// This wrapper equips any integer with the [Hamming distance] metric.
+///
+/// [Hamming distance]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamming_distance
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Hamming<T>(pub T);
+
+impl<T> Hamming<T> {
+    /// Wrap a point.
+    pub fn new(point: T) -> Self {
+        Self(point)
+    }
+
+    /// Unwrap a point.
+    pub fn into_inner(self) -> T {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
+
+/// Compute the Hamming distance between two integers.
+pub fn hamming_distance<T: PrimInt>(x: T, y: T) -> i32 {
+    (x ^ y).count_ones() as i32
+}
+
+/// The hamming distance function.
+impl<T: PrimInt> Proximity for Hamming<T> {
+    type Distance = i32;
+
+    fn distance(&self, other: &Self) -> Self::Distance {
+        hamming_distance(self.0, other.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: PrimInt> Proximity<T> for Hamming<T> {
+    type Distance = i32;
+
+    fn distance(&self, other: &T) -> Self::Distance {
+        hamming_distance(self.0, *other)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: PrimInt> Proximity<Hamming<T>> for T {
+    type Distance = i32;
+
+    fn distance(&self, other: &Hamming<T>) -> Self::Distance {
+        hamming_distance(*self, other.0)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Hamming distance is a metric.
+impl<T: PrimInt> Metric for Hamming<T> {}
+
+impl<T: PrimInt> Metric<T> for Hamming<T> {}
+
+impl<T: PrimInt> Metric<Hamming<T>> for T {}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_distance() {
+        assert_eq!(hamming_distance(0, 0xFFFFFFFFu32), 32);
+
+        assert_eq!(Hamming(0xFFFFFFFFu32).distance(&Hamming(0xAAAAAAAAu32)), 16);
+        assert_eq!(Hamming(0x55555555u32).distance(&0xAAAAAAAAu32), 32);
+        assert_eq!(0xDEADBEEFu32.distance(&Hamming(0xACABACABu32)), 10);
+    }
+}

src/lib.rs

@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ pub mod coords;
 pub mod distance;
 pub mod euclid;
 pub mod exhaustive;
+pub mod hamming;
 pub mod kd;
 pub mod taxi;
 pub mod vp;