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BUG:  #58925

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@cs-ranbi

Description

@cs-ranbi

Pandas version checks

  • I have checked that this issue has not already been reported.

  • I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

  • I have confirmed this bug exists on the main branch of pandas.

Reproducible Example

import io
import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame(data={'index':[1,2], 'a': [2,3]})
s = df.to_json(orient="table")
df = pd.read_json(io.StringIO(s), orient="table")

Issue Description

read_json failed with

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 815, in read_json
    return json_reader.read()
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1025, in read
    obj = self._get_object_parser(self.data)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1051, in _get_object_parser
    obj = FrameParser(json, **kwargs).parse()
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1187, in parse
    self._parse()
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 1427, in _parse
    self.obj = parse_table_schema(json, precise_float=self.precise_float)
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_table_schema.py", line 380, in parse_table_schema
    df = df.set_index(table["schema"]["primaryKey"])
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/core/frame.py", line 6178, in set_index
    index = ensure_index_from_sequences(arrays, names)
            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/core/indexes/base.py", line 7588, in ensure_index_from_sequences
    return Index(sequences[0], name=names)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/core/indexes/base.py", line 528, in __new__
    return cls(np.asarray(data), dtype=dtype, copy=copy, name=name)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/Users/ranbi/vsa_cs/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/core/indexes/base.py", line 570, in __new__
    raise ValueError("Index data must be 1-dimensional") from err
ValueError: Index data must be 1-dimensional

Expected Behavior

read_json should return the same df as the original one

   index  a
0      1  2
1      2  3

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : d9cdd2e
python : 3.12.2.final.0
python-bits : 64
OS : Darwin
OS-release : 23.1.0
Version : Darwin Kernel Version 23.1.0: Mon Oct 9 21:33:00 PDT 2023; root:xnu-10002.41.9~7/RELEASE_ARM64_T6031
machine : arm64
processor : arm
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : None
LANG : en_US.UTF-8
LOCALE : en_US.UTF-8

pandas : 2.2.2
numpy : 1.26.3
pytz : 2024.1
dateutil : 2.9.0.post0
setuptools : 69.5.1
pip : 24.0
Cython : None
pytest : 8.0.0
hypothesis : None
sphinx : None
blosc : None
feather : None
xlsxwriter : 3.2.0
lxml.etree : 5.2.2
html5lib : None
pymysql : None
psycopg2 : None
jinja2 : 3.1.3
IPython : 8.12.3
pandas_datareader : None
adbc-driver-postgresql: None
adbc-driver-sqlite : None
bs4 : 4.12.3
bottleneck : None
dataframe-api-compat : None
fastparquet : None
fsspec : 2024.3.1
gcsfs : None
matplotlib : 3.8.2
numba : None
numexpr : None
odfpy : None
openpyxl : 3.1.2
pandas_gbq : None
pyarrow : 15.0.2
pyreadstat : None
python-calamine : None
pyxlsb : None
s3fs : None
scipy : 1.13.0
sqlalchemy : None
tables : None
tabulate : 0.9.0
xarray : None
xlrd : None
zstandard : 0.22.0
tzdata : 2024.1
qtpy : None
pyqt5 : None

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BugIO JSONread_json, to_json, json_normalize

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