feat(cpp): add hamming_weights_of_integers_dp.cpp

Author: ongshunping

cpp/Bit Manipulation/hamming_weights_of_integers_dp.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include <vector>
+
+std::vector<int> hammingWeightsOfIntegersDp(int n) {
+    // Base case: the number of set bits in 0 is just 0.
+    // We set dp[0] to 0 by initializing the entire DP array to 0.
+    std::vector<int> dp(n + 1, 0);
+    for (int x = 1; x <= n; x++) {
+        // 'dp[x]' is obtained using the result of 'dp[x >> 1]', plus 
+        // the LSB of 'x'.
+        dp[x] = dp[x >> 1] + (x & 1);
+    }
+    return dp;
+}