For content search, we don't have a way to know if pages start at 0 or 1.
We used to think we could rely on "leaf0_missing": false but that doesn't always work. Here is an example:
https://ia601306.us.archive.org/fulltext/inside.php?item_id=gray-diary&doc=GrayDiary&path=/33/items/gray-diary&q=Virginia