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  <li><a href="#what-is-an-api" id="toc-what-is-an-api" class="nav-link active" data-scroll-target="#what-is-an-api"><span class="toc-section-number">1</span>  What is an API?</a></li>
  <li><a href="#type-of-request-methods" id="toc-type-of-request-methods" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#type-of-request-methods"><span class="toc-section-number">2</span>  Type of request methods</a></li>
  <li><a href="#general-rules-for-using-an-api" id="toc-general-rules-for-using-an-api" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#general-rules-for-using-an-api"><span class="toc-section-number">3</span>  General rules for using an API</a></li>
  <li><a href="#how-to-fetch-api-data-using-a-programming-language" id="toc-how-to-fetch-api-data-using-a-programming-language" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#how-to-fetch-api-data-using-a-programming-language"><span class="toc-section-number">4</span>  How to fetch API data using a programming language</a>
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  <li><a href="#sec-api-r" id="toc-sec-api-r" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#sec-api-r"><span class="toc-section-number">4.1</span>  with R</a></li>
  <li><a href="#sec-api-py" id="toc-sec-api-py" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#sec-api-py"><span class="toc-section-number">4.2</span>  with Python</a></li>
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  <li><a href="#without-the-key" id="toc-without-the-key" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#without-the-key"><span class="toc-section-number">5.1</span>  Without the key</a></li>
  <li><a href="#with-the-key" id="toc-with-the-key" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#with-the-key"><span class="toc-section-number">5.2</span>  With the key</a></li>
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<div class="quarto-title-block"><div><h1 class="title">How to fetch API data in R and Python</h1><button type="button" class="btn code-tools-button" id="quarto-code-tools-source"><i class="bi"></i> Code</button></div></div>
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    <p>This API tutorial will teach you how to fetch data from an external source using HTTP requests and parse the data into a usable format.</p>
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    <a href="https://bit.ly/gbganalyst">Ogundepo Ezekiel Adebayo</a> 
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            54gene
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      <p class="date">March 28, 2023</p>
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<p>This article is part of my contribution to open-source and for the love of the data community. I hope it will be useful to you and your work.</p>
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</div>
<section id="what-is-an-api" class="level2" data-number="1">
<h2 data-number="1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="what-is-an-api"><span class="header-section-number">1</span> What is an API?</h2>
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<p><img src="images/API.jpg" class="img-fluid figure-img" alt="API image" width="200"></p>
<p></p><figcaption class="figure-caption">Image source: Unsplash</figcaption><p></p>
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<p>An API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of protocols, routines, and tools used for building software applications. It is essentially a set of rules and methods that data analyst or software developers can use to interact with and access the services and features provided by another application, service or platform.</p>
<p>In simpler terms, an API allows different software applications to communicate with each other and share data in a standardized way. With APIs, developers or analysts can get data without needing to scrape the website, manually download it, or directly go to the company from which they need it.</p>
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<p><img src="images/how-api-work.jpg" class="img-fluid figure-img" style="width:70.0%"></p>
<p></p><figcaption class="figure-caption">Figure&nbsp;1: How API work</figcaption><p></p>
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<p>For example, if you want to integrate a weather forecast feature into your app, you can use a weather API that provides the necessary data, rather than building the entire feature from scratch. This allows you to focus on the unique aspects of your app, without worrying about the underlying functionality.</p>
</section>
<section id="type-of-request-methods" class="level2" data-number="2">
<h2 data-number="2" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="type-of-request-methods"><span class="header-section-number">2</span> Type of request methods</h2>
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<p><img src="images/image-849919650.png" class="img-fluid figure-img" width="488"></p>
<p></p><figcaption class="figure-caption">Figure&nbsp;2: Types of request method</figcaption><p></p>
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<p>As shown in <a href="#fig-api-method">Figure&nbsp;2</a>, the most common type of API request method is <code>GET</code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="general-rules-for-using-an-api" class="level2" data-number="3">
<h2 data-number="3" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="general-rules-for-using-an-api"><span class="header-section-number">3</span> General rules for using an API</h2>
<p>To use an API to extract data, you will need to follow these steps:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Find an API that provides the data you are interested in. This may involve doing some research online to find available APIs.</p></li>
<li><p>Familiarize yourself with the API’s documentation to understand how to make requests and what data is available.</p></li>
<li><p>Use a programming language to write a script that sends a request to the API and receives the data. Depending on the API, you may need to include authentication parameters in the request to specify the data you want to receive.</p></li>
<li><p>Parse the data you receive from the API to extract the information you are interested in. The format of the data will depend on the API you are using, and may be in JSON, XML, or another format.</p></li>
<li><p>Process the extracted data in your script, or save it to a file or database for later analysis.</p></li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="how-to-fetch-api-data-using-a-programming-language" class="level2" data-number="4">
<h2 data-number="4" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="how-to-fetch-api-data-using-a-programming-language"><span class="header-section-number">4</span> How to fetch API data using a programming language</h2>
<section id="sec-api-r" class="level3" data-number="4.1">
<h3 data-number="4.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-api-r"><span class="header-section-number">4.1</span> with R</h3>
<p>There are several packages available in R for consuming APIs. Some of the most commonly used packages are:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p><strong>httr</strong>: This package provides convenient functions for making HTTP requests and processing the responses.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>jsonlite</strong>: This package is used for parsing JSON data, which is a common format for API responses.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>RCurl</strong>: This package is a wrapper around the libcurl library, which is a powerful and versatile HTTP client library.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>To get data from an API in R, you need to follow these steps:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li>Install the required packages by running the following command in the R console:</li>
</ol>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">install.packages</span>(<span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"httr"</span>, <span class="st">"jsonlite"</span>, <span class="st">"RCurl"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<ol start="2" type="1">
<li>Load the packages by running the following command:</li>
</ol>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(httr)</span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(jsonlite)</span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(RCurl)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<ol start="3" type="1">
<li>Make an API request by using the GET function from the httr package. The API endpoint should be passed as an argument to this function.</li>
</ol>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">GET</span>(<span class="st">"https://api.example.com/endpoint"</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<ol start="4" type="1">
<li>Check the status code of the response to see if the request was successful. A status code of <code>200</code> indicates a successful request.</li>
</ol>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>status_code <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">status_code</span>(response)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<ol start="5" type="1">
<li>Extract the data from the response. If the API returns data in JSON format, you can use the <code>fromJSON</code> function from the <code>jsonlite</code> package to parse the data. Store the data in a variable for later use.</li>
</ol>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>api_data <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">fromJSON</span>(<span class="fu">content</span>(response, <span class="at">as =</span> <span class="st">"text"</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<p>These are the basic steps to get data from an API in R. Depending on the API, you may need to pass additional parameters or authentication information in your request. For example,</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">GET</span>(</span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="st">"https://api.example.com/endpoint"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">authenticate</span>(</span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="at">user =</span> <span class="st">"API_KEY_HERE"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="at">password =</span> <span class="st">"API_PASSWORD_HERE"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb6-6"><a href="#cb6-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="at">type =</span> <span class="st">"basic"</span></span>
<span id="cb6-7"><a href="#cb6-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  )</span>
<span id="cb6-8"><a href="#cb6-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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</section>
<section id="sec-api-py" class="level3" data-number="4.2">
<h3 data-number="4.2" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="sec-api-py"><span class="header-section-number">4.2</span> with Python</h3>
<p>To use an API in Python, you can use a library such as <code>requests</code> or <code>urllib</code> to send HTTP requests to the API and receive responses. Here’s an example of how to use an API in Python using the requests library:</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> requests</span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Define the API endpoint URL and parameters</span></span>
<span id="cb7-4"><a href="#cb7-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>endpoint <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">'https://api.example.com/data'</span></span>
<span id="cb7-5"><a href="#cb7-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb7-6"><a href="#cb7-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>params <span class="op">=</span> {<span class="st">'param1'</span>: <span class="st">'value1'</span>, <span class="st">'param2'</span>: <span class="st">'value2'</span>}</span>
<span id="cb7-7"><a href="#cb7-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb7-8"><a href="#cb7-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Send a GET request to the API endpoint</span></span>
<span id="cb7-9"><a href="#cb7-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="op">=</span> requests.get(endpoint, params <span class="op">=</span> params)</span>
<span id="cb7-10"><a href="#cb7-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb7-11"><a href="#cb7-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Check if the request was successful</span></span>
<span id="cb7-12"><a href="#cb7-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> response.status_code <span class="op">==</span> <span class="dv">200</span>:</span>
<span id="cb7-13"><a href="#cb7-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="co"># Parse the response JSON data</span></span>
<span id="cb7-14"><a href="#cb7-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    data <span class="op">=</span> response.json()</span>
<span id="cb7-15"><a href="#cb7-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb7-16"><a href="#cb7-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="co"># Process the data, for example by printing it to the console</span></span>
<span id="cb7-17"><a href="#cb7-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(data)</span>
<span id="cb7-18"><a href="#cb7-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">else</span>:</span>
<span id="cb7-19"><a href="#cb7-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="ss">f'Error: </span><span class="sc">{</span>response<span class="sc">.</span>status_code<span class="sc">}</span><span class="ss">'</span>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<p>In this example, we’re using the <code>requests</code> library to send a GET request to an API endpoint at <code>https://api.example.com/data</code>, passing two parameters (<code>param1</code> and <code>param2</code>) in the request. The <code>requests.get()</code> method returns a <code>Response</code> object, which we can use to check the response status code and parse the response data.</p>
<p>If the status code is <code>200</code>, we can assume the request was successful, and we can parse the response data using the <code>response.json()</code> method, which converts the JSON-formatted response to a Python object. We can then process the data as needed, for example by printing it to the console.</p>
<p>Of course, the exact API endpoint and parameters will depend on the specific API that you are using, and you’ll need to consult the API documentation to learn how to construct your request correctly. But this example should give you a sense of the general process involved in using an API in Python.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="practical-example-in-r-and-python" class="level2" data-number="5">
<h2 data-number="5" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="practical-example-in-r-and-python"><span class="header-section-number">5</span> Practical example in R and Python</h2>
<p>We will use R and Python to fetch the API data without and with the key.</p>
<section id="without-the-key" class="level3" data-number="5.1">
<h3 data-number="5.1" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="without-the-key"><span class="header-section-number">5.1</span> Without the key</h3>
<p>In this example, we will use an API from a site called <a href="https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/docs/"><img src="images/give_food.png" height="30"></a> that uses an API without an API key. In this case, we will be using a <code>GET</code> request to fetch the API data at the <strong>food banks</strong> using this link: <a href="https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/foodbanks" class="uri">https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/foodbanks</a>. Please follow the steps in <a href="#sec-api-r">Section&nbsp;4.1</a> for R and <a href="#sec-api-py">Section&nbsp;4.2</a> for Python.</p>
<div class="panel-tabset" data-group="language">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist"><li class="nav-item" role="presentation"><a class="nav-link active" id="tabset-1-1-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabset-1-1" role="tab" aria-controls="tabset-1-1" aria-selected="true" href="">R</a></li><li class="nav-item" role="presentation"><a class="nav-link" id="tabset-1-2-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabset-1-2" role="tab" aria-controls="tabset-1-2" aria-selected="false" href="">Python</a></li></ul>
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<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(httr)</span>
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-3"><a href="#cb8-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(jsonlite)</span>
<span id="cb8-4"><a href="#cb8-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-5"><a href="#cb8-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(dplyr)</span>
<span id="cb8-6"><a href="#cb8-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-7"><a href="#cb8-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">GET</span>(<span class="st">"https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/foodbanks"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb8-8"><a href="#cb8-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb8-9"><a href="#cb8-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">status_code</span>(response)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt; [1] 200</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb10"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">fromJSON</span>(<span class="fu">content</span>(response, <span class="at">as =</span> <span class="st">"text"</span>), <span class="at">flatten =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<span id="cb10-4"><a href="#cb10-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">dim</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt; [1] 834  27</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb12"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">head</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output-display">

<div data-pagedtable="false">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="tabset-1-2" class="tab-pane" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tabset-1-2-tab">
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb13"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb13-1"><a href="#cb13-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> requests</span>
<span id="cb13-2"><a href="#cb13-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb13-3"><a href="#cb13-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> pandas <span class="im">as</span> pd</span>
<span id="cb13-4"><a href="#cb13-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb13-5"><a href="#cb13-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="op">=</span> requests.get(<span class="st">"https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/foodbanks"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb13-6"><a href="#cb13-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb13-7"><a href="#cb13-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Check if the request was successful</span></span>
<span id="cb13-8"><a href="#cb13-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb13-9"><a href="#cb13-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(response.status_code)</span>
<span id="cb13-10"><a href="#cb13-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb13-11"><a href="#cb13-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Parse the response JSON data</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt; 200</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb15"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb15-1"><a href="#cb15-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_json <span class="op">=</span> response.json()</span>
<span id="cb15-2"><a href="#cb15-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-3"><a href="#cb15-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Convert to a pandas dataframe</span></span>
<span id="cb15-4"><a href="#cb15-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-5"><a href="#cb15-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe <span class="op">=</span> pd.json_normalize(food_json)</span>
<span id="cb15-6"><a href="#cb15-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb15-7"><a href="#cb15-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe.shape</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt; (834, 27)</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb17"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb17-1"><a href="#cb17-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe.head()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt;                               name  ...                                 politics.urls.html
#&gt; 0                       Llangollen  ...  https://www.givefood.org.uk/needs/in/constitue...
#&gt; 1              Carterton Community  ...  https://www.givefood.org.uk/needs/in/constitue...
#&gt; 2  A Helping Hand In The Highlands  ...  https://www.givefood.org.uk/needs/in/constitue...
#&gt; 3                   Breaking Bread  ...  https://www.givefood.org.uk/needs/in/constitue...
#&gt; 4                Breadline Project  ...  https://www.givefood.org.uk/needs/in/constitue...
#&gt; 
#&gt; [5 rows x 27 columns]</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<p>In this example, we use the <code>pd.json_normalize()</code> method to flatten the list of dictionaries and create a dataframe from it. The resulting dataframe has columns for each key in the JSON objects.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="with-the-key" class="level3" data-number="5.2">
<h3 data-number="5.2" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="with-the-key"><span class="header-section-number">5.2</span> With the key</h3>
<p>In this example, we will use an API from <a href="https://www.reed.co.uk/developers/Jobseeker"><img src="images/image-874061681.png" width="156" height="30"></a> that uses an API key. In this case, we will use a <code>GET</code> request to fetch data for analyst jobs based in London from the <a href="https://www.reed.co.uk/api/1.0/search?keywords=analyst&amp;location=london&amp;distancefromlocation=15">Jobseeker</a> API. Please follow the steps in <a href="#sec-api-r">Section&nbsp;4.1</a> for R and <a href="#sec-api-py">Section&nbsp;4.2</a> for Python, and sign up for the API key at the Jobseeker <a href="https://www.reed.co.uk/developers/Jobseeker">website</a>.</p>
<div class="panel-tabset" data-group="language">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist"><li class="nav-item" role="presentation"><a class="nav-link active" id="tabset-2-1-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabset-2-1" role="tab" aria-controls="tabset-2-1" aria-selected="true" href="">R</a></li><li class="nav-item" role="presentation"><a class="nav-link" id="tabset-2-2-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabset-2-2" role="tab" aria-controls="tabset-2-2" aria-selected="false" href="">Python</a></li></ul>
<div class="tab-content" data-group="language">
<div id="tabset-2-1" class="tab-pane active" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tabset-2-1-tab">
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb19"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb19-1"><a href="#cb19-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(httr)</span>
<span id="cb19-2"><a href="#cb19-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb19-3"><a href="#cb19-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(jsonlite)</span>
<span id="cb19-4"><a href="#cb19-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb19-5"><a href="#cb19-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(dplyr)</span>
<span id="cb19-6"><a href="#cb19-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb19-7"><a href="#cb19-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Create a GET response to call the API</span></span>
<span id="cb19-8"><a href="#cb19-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb19-9"><a href="#cb19-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">GET</span>(</span>
<span id="cb19-10"><a href="#cb19-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="st">"https://www.reed.co.uk/api/1.0/search?keywords=analyst&amp;location=london&amp;distancefromlocation=15"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb19-11"><a href="#cb19-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">authenticate</span>(</span>
<span id="cb19-12"><a href="#cb19-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="at">user =</span> <span class="fu">Sys.getenv</span>(<span class="st">"putyourapikeyhere"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb19-13"><a href="#cb19-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="at">password =</span> <span class="st">""</span></span>
<span id="cb19-14"><a href="#cb19-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  )</span>
<span id="cb19-15"><a href="#cb19-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="callout-tip callout callout-style-default callout-captioned">
<div class="callout-header d-flex align-content-center">
<div class="callout-icon-container">
<i class="callout-icon"></i>
</div>
<div class="callout-caption-container flex-fill">
Tip
</div>
</div>
<div class="callout-body-container callout-body">
<p>Replace <code>Sys.getenv("putyourapikeyhere")</code> with your own API key.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb20"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb20-1"><a href="#cb20-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">status_code</span>(response)</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt; [1] 200</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb22"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb22-1"><a href="#cb22-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Convert the JSON string to a dataframe and view data in a table</span></span>
<span id="cb22-2"><a href="#cb22-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb22-3"><a href="#cb22-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">fromJSON</span>(<span class="fu">content</span>(response, <span class="at">as =</span> <span class="st">"text"</span>), <span class="at">flatten =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb22-4"><a href="#cb22-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb22-5"><a href="#cb22-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># The job dataframe is inside the results</span></span>
<span id="cb22-6"><a href="#cb22-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb22-7"><a href="#cb22-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe<span class="sc">$</span>results <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<span id="cb22-8"><a href="#cb22-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">dim</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt; [1] 100  15</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb24"><pre class="sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb24-1"><a href="#cb24-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe<span class="sc">$</span>results <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span></span>
<span id="cb24-2"><a href="#cb24-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">head</span>()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<div data-pagedtable="false">
  <script data-pagedtable-source="" type="application/json">
{"columns":[{"label":[""],"name":["_rn_"],"type":[""],"align":["left"]},{"label":["jobId"],"name":[1],"type":["int"],"align":["right"]},{"label":["employerId"],"name":[2],"type":["int"],"align":["right"]},{"label":["employerName"],"name":[3],"type":["chr"],"align":["left"]},{"label":["employerProfileId"],"name":[4],"type":["lgl"],"align":["right"]},{"label":["employerProfileName"],"name":[5],"type":["lgl"],"align":["right"]},{"label":["jobTitle"],"name":[6],"type":["chr"],"align":["left"]},{"label":["locationName"],"name":[7],"type":["chr"],"align":["left"]},{"label":["minimumSalary"],"name":[8],"type":["dbl"],"align":["right"]},{"label":["maximumSalary"],"name":[9],"type":["dbl"],"align":["right"]},{"label":["currency"],"name":[10],"type":["chr"],"align":["left"]},{"label":["expirationDate"],"name":[11],"type":["chr"],"align":["left"]},{"label":["date"],"name":[12],"type":["chr"],"align":["left"]},{"label":["jobDescription"],"name":[13],"type":["chr"],"align":["left"]},{"label":["applications"],"name":[14],"type":["int"],"align":["right"]},{"label":["jobUrl"],"name":[15],"type":["chr"],"align":["left"]}],"data":[{"1":"50108771","2":"593269","3":"Brook Street","4":"NA","5":"NA","6":"Business Support Analyst","7":"London","8":"12.59","9":"12.59","10":"GBP","11":"09/05/2023","12":"28/03/2023","13":"Security Support Contract: August 2023 Salary: &#163;12.59 per hourLocation: Vauxhall, London5 day's work setting:Working pattern: Monday - Friday (8am - 4pm / 10am - 6pm - Flexi time)This is a temporary contract role until August for a Security Support role with an immediate start date (Security Clearance dependant) for an Eleven -month duration with a possible extension offering an office setting a...","14":"0","15":"https://www.reed.co.uk/jobs/business-support-analyst/50108771","_rn_":"1"},{"1":"49848024","2":"184213","3":"2i Recruit Ltd","4":"NA","5":"NA","6":"Business Analyst","7":"Maidenhead","8":"60000.00","9":"70000.00","10":"GBP","11":"09/05/2023","12":"21/02/2023","13":"We have a great opportunity for a Business Analyst who will act as a subject matter expert in business process and controls. 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</div>
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<div id="tabset-2-2" class="tab-pane" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="tabset-2-2-tab">
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb25"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb25-1"><a href="#cb25-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> requests</span>
<span id="cb25-2"><a href="#cb25-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb25-3"><a href="#cb25-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> pandas <span class="im">as</span> pd</span>
<span id="cb25-4"><a href="#cb25-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb25-5"><a href="#cb25-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Set API endpoint and API key</span></span>
<span id="cb25-6"><a href="#cb25-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb25-7"><a href="#cb25-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>url <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"https://www.reed.co.uk/api/1.0/search?keywords=analyst&amp;location=london&amp;distancefromlocation=15"</span></span>
<span id="cb25-8"><a href="#cb25-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb25-9"><a href="#cb25-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>api_key <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"replace with your own API key"</span> </span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<p>Based on the instructions in the API documentation, you will need to include your API key for all requests in a basic authentication http header as the username, leaving the password empty.</p>
<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb26"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb26-1"><a href="#cb26-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Send a GET request to the API endpoint</span></span>
<span id="cb26-2"><a href="#cb26-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb26-3"><a href="#cb26-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="op">=</span> requests.get(url, auth <span class="op">=</span> (api_key, <span class="st">''</span>))</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
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<div class="cell">
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb27"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb27-1"><a href="#cb27-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Check if the request was successful</span></span>
<span id="cb27-2"><a href="#cb27-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb27-3"><a href="#cb27-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(response.status_code)</span>
<span id="cb27-4"><a href="#cb27-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb27-5"><a href="#cb27-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Parse the response JSON data</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt; 200</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb29"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb29-1"><a href="#cb29-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_json <span class="op">=</span> response.json()</span>
<span id="cb29-2"><a href="#cb29-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb29-3"><a href="#cb29-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Convert to a pandas dataframe</span></span>
<span id="cb29-4"><a href="#cb29-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb29-5"><a href="#cb29-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># The dataframe is inside the results</span></span>
<span id="cb29-6"><a href="#cb29-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb29-7"><a href="#cb29-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe <span class="op">=</span> pd.json_normalize(job_json[<span class="st">"results"</span>])</span>
<span id="cb29-8"><a href="#cb29-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb29-9"><a href="#cb29-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe.shape</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt; (100, 15)</code></pre>
</div>
<div class="sourceCode cell-code" id="cb31"><pre class="sourceCode python code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode python"><span id="cb31-1"><a href="#cb31-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe.head()</span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div>
<div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout">
<pre><code>#&gt;       jobId  ...                                             jobUrl
#&gt; 0  50108771  ...  https://www.reed.co.uk/jobs/business-support-a...
#&gt; 1  49848024  ...  https://www.reed.co.uk/jobs/business-analyst/4...
#&gt; 2  50108748  ...  https://www.reed.co.uk/jobs/supply-chain-analy...
#&gt; 3  50108731  ...  https://www.reed.co.uk/jobs/logistics-analyst/...
#&gt; 4  50108708  ...  https://www.reed.co.uk/jobs/strategy-analyst/5...
#&gt; 
#&gt; [5 rows x 15 columns]</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>You can now use the data for your data science.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="other-resources" class="level2" data-number="6">
<h2 data-number="6" class="anchored" data-anchor-id="other-resources"><span class="header-section-number">6</span> Other resources</h2>
<p>You can also watch <code>Dean Chereden</code> YouTube video on how to GET data from an API using R in RStudio.</p>
<div class="quarto-video ratio ratio-16x9"><iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AhZ42vSmDmE" title="" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></div>
<hr>
<p>I hope you found this article informative. You can find its GitHub repository <a href="https://github.com/gbganalyst/API-in-R-and-Python">here</a>. If you enjoyed reading this write-up, please follow me on <a href="https://twitter.com/gbganalyst">Twitter</a> and <a href="https://linkedin.com/in/ezekiel-ogundepo">Linkedin</a> for more updates on <code>R</code>, <code>Python</code>, and <code>Excel</code> for data science.</p>
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<div class="sourceCode" id="cb33" data-shortcodes="false"><pre class="sourceCode markdown code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode markdown"><span id="cb33-1"><a href="#cb33-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">---</span></span>
<span id="cb33-2"><a href="#cb33-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">title:</span><span class="co"> "How to fetch API data in R and Python"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-3"><a href="#cb33-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">description:</span><span class="co"> | </span></span>
<span id="cb33-4"><a href="#cb33-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  This API tutorial will teach you how to fetch data from an external source using HTTP requests and parse the data into a usable format.</span></span>
<span id="cb33-5"><a href="#cb33-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">date:</span><span class="co"> "`r format(Sys.time(), '%B %d, %Y')`"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-6"><a href="#cb33-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">author:</span></span>
<span id="cb33-7"><a href="#cb33-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  - name: Ogundepo Ezekiel Adebayo</span></span>
<span id="cb33-8"><a href="#cb33-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    url: https://bit.ly/gbganalyst</span></span>
<span id="cb33-9"><a href="#cb33-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    affiliation: 54gene</span></span>
<span id="cb33-10"><a href="#cb33-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    affiliation-url: https://54gene.com</span></span>
<span id="cb33-11"><a href="#cb33-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">toc:</span><span class="co"> true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-12"><a href="#cb33-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">toc-title:</span><span class="co"> "On this page"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-13"><a href="#cb33-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">toc-location:</span><span class="co"> left</span></span>
<span id="cb33-14"><a href="#cb33-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">number-sections:</span><span class="co"> true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-15"><a href="#cb33-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">highlight-style:</span><span class="co"> pygments</span></span>
<span id="cb33-16"><a href="#cb33-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">format:</span><span class="co"> </span></span>
<span id="cb33-17"><a href="#cb33-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  html:</span></span>
<span id="cb33-18"><a href="#cb33-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    theme: cosmo</span></span>
<span id="cb33-19"><a href="#cb33-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    page-layout: full # custom #article,</span></span>
<span id="cb33-20"><a href="#cb33-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    code-fold: false</span></span>
<span id="cb33-21"><a href="#cb33-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    code-tools: true</span></span>
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<span id="cb33-27"><a href="#cb33-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">execute:</span></span>
<span id="cb33-28"><a href="#cb33-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  error: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-29"><a href="#cb33-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  eval: false</span></span>
<span id="cb33-30"><a href="#cb33-30" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  echo: true #fenced</span></span>
<span id="cb33-31"><a href="#cb33-31" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  freeze: auto</span></span>
<span id="cb33-32"><a href="#cb33-32" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">knitr:</span></span>
<span id="cb33-33"><a href="#cb33-33" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  opts_chunk:</span></span>
<span id="cb33-34"><a href="#cb33-34" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    comment: "#&gt;"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-35"><a href="#cb33-35" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    #collapse: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-36"><a href="#cb33-36" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    tidy: 'styler'</span></span>
<span id="cb33-37"><a href="#cb33-37" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    message: false</span></span>
<span id="cb33-38"><a href="#cb33-38" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    warning: false</span></span>
<span id="cb33-39"><a href="#cb33-39" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">    wrap: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-40"><a href="#cb33-40" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="an">editor_options:</span><span class="co"> </span></span>
<span id="cb33-41"><a href="#cb33-41" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">  chunk_output_type: console</span></span>
<span id="cb33-42"><a href="#cb33-42" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">---</span></span>
<span id="cb33-43"><a href="#cb33-43" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-44"><a href="#cb33-44" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-45"><a href="#cb33-45" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:::{.callout-note}</span>
<span id="cb33-46"><a href="#cb33-46" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>This article is part of my contribution to open-source and for the love of the data community. I hope it will be useful to you and your work.</span>
<span id="cb33-47"><a href="#cb33-47" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:::</span>
<span id="cb33-48"><a href="#cb33-48" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-49"><a href="#cb33-49" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## What is an API?</span></span>
<span id="cb33-50"><a href="#cb33-50" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-51"><a href="#cb33-51" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![Image source: Unsplash](images/API.jpg)</span>{style="float:right;" fig-alt="API image" width="200"}</span>
<span id="cb33-52"><a href="#cb33-52" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-53"><a href="#cb33-53" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>An API (Application Programming Interface) is a set of protocols, routines, and tools used for building software applications. It is essentially a set of rules and methods that data analyst or software developers can use to interact with and access the services and features provided by another application, service or platform.</span>
<span id="cb33-54"><a href="#cb33-54" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-55"><a href="#cb33-55" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>In simpler terms, an API allows different software applications to communicate with each other and share data in a standardized way. With APIs, developers or analysts can get data without needing to scrape the website, manually download it, or directly go to the company from which they need it.</span>
<span id="cb33-56"><a href="#cb33-56" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-57"><a href="#cb33-57" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="al">![How API work](images/how-api-work.jpg)</span>{#fig-elephant fig-align="left" width="70%"}</span>
<span id="cb33-58"><a href="#cb33-58" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-59"><a href="#cb33-59" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>For example, if you want to integrate a weather forecast feature into your app, you can use a weather API that provides the necessary data, rather than building the entire feature from scratch. This allows you to focus on the unique aspects of your app, without worrying about the underlying functionality.</span>
<span id="cb33-60"><a href="#cb33-60" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-61"><a href="#cb33-61" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Type of request methods</span></span>
<span id="cb33-62"><a href="#cb33-62" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-65"><a href="#cb33-65" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-66"><a href="#cb33-66" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| label: fig-api-method</span></span>
<span id="cb33-67"><a href="#cb33-67" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| fig-cap: Types of request method</span></span>
<span id="cb33-68"><a href="#cb33-68" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| fig-align: left</span></span>
<span id="cb33-69"><a href="#cb33-69" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| eval: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-70"><a href="#cb33-70" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| echo: false</span></span>
<span id="cb33-71"><a href="#cb33-71" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-72"><a href="#cb33-72" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>knitr<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">include_graphics</span>(<span class="st">"images/image-849919650.png"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb33-73"><a href="#cb33-73" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-74"><a href="#cb33-74" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(reticulate)</span>
<span id="cb33-75"><a href="#cb33-75" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-76"><a href="#cb33-76" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-77"><a href="#cb33-77" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-78"><a href="#cb33-78" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>As shown in @fig-api-method, the most common type of API request method is <span class="in">`GET`</span>.</span>
<span id="cb33-79"><a href="#cb33-79" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-80"><a href="#cb33-80" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## General rules for using an API</span></span>
<span id="cb33-81"><a href="#cb33-81" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-82"><a href="#cb33-82" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>To use an API to extract data, you will need to follow these steps:</span>
<span id="cb33-83"><a href="#cb33-83" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-84"><a href="#cb33-84" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1.  </span>Find an API that provides the data you are interested in. This may involve doing some research online to find available APIs.</span>
<span id="cb33-85"><a href="#cb33-85" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-86"><a href="#cb33-86" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2.  </span>Familiarize yourself with the API's documentation to understand how to make requests and what data is available.</span>
<span id="cb33-87"><a href="#cb33-87" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-88"><a href="#cb33-88" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">3.  </span>Use a programming language to write a script that sends a request to the API and receives the data. Depending on the API, you may need to include authentication parameters in the request to specify the data you want to receive.</span>
<span id="cb33-89"><a href="#cb33-89" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-90"><a href="#cb33-90" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">4.  </span>Parse the data you receive from the API to extract the information you are interested in. The format of the data will depend on the API you are using, and may be in JSON, XML, or another format.</span>
<span id="cb33-91"><a href="#cb33-91" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-92"><a href="#cb33-92" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">5.  </span>Process the extracted data in your script, or save it to a file or database for later analysis.</span>
<span id="cb33-93"><a href="#cb33-93" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-94"><a href="#cb33-94" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## How to fetch API data using a programming language</span></span>
<span id="cb33-95"><a href="#cb33-95" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-96"><a href="#cb33-96" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### with R {#sec-api-r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-97"><a href="#cb33-97" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-98"><a href="#cb33-98" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>There are several packages available in R for consuming APIs. Some of the most commonly used packages are:</span>
<span id="cb33-99"><a href="#cb33-99" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-100"><a href="#cb33-100" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1.  </span>**httr**: This package provides convenient functions for making HTTP requests and processing the responses.</span>
<span id="cb33-101"><a href="#cb33-101" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-102"><a href="#cb33-102" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2.  </span>**jsonlite**: This package is used for parsing JSON data, which is a common format for API responses.</span>
<span id="cb33-103"><a href="#cb33-103" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-104"><a href="#cb33-104" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">3.  </span>**RCurl**: This package is a wrapper around the libcurl library, which is a powerful and versatile HTTP client library.</span>
<span id="cb33-105"><a href="#cb33-105" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-106"><a href="#cb33-106" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>To get data from an API in R, you need to follow these steps:</span>
<span id="cb33-107"><a href="#cb33-107" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-108"><a href="#cb33-108" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">1.  </span>Install the required packages by running the following command in the R console:</span>
<span id="cb33-109"><a href="#cb33-109" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-112"><a href="#cb33-112" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-113"><a href="#cb33-113" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| code-summary: "installation of packages"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-114"><a href="#cb33-114" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-115"><a href="#cb33-115" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">install.packages</span>(<span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="st">"httr"</span>, <span class="st">"jsonlite"</span>, <span class="st">"RCurl"</span>)) </span>
<span id="cb33-116"><a href="#cb33-116" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-117"><a href="#cb33-117" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-118"><a href="#cb33-118" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-119"><a href="#cb33-119" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">2.  </span>Load the packages by running the following command:</span>
<span id="cb33-120"><a href="#cb33-120" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-123"><a href="#cb33-123" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-124"><a href="#cb33-124" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| code-summary: "Loading of packages"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-125"><a href="#cb33-125" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-126"><a href="#cb33-126" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(httr) </span>
<span id="cb33-127"><a href="#cb33-127" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-128"><a href="#cb33-128" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(jsonlite) </span>
<span id="cb33-129"><a href="#cb33-129" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-130"><a href="#cb33-130" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(RCurl) </span>
<span id="cb33-131"><a href="#cb33-131" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-132"><a href="#cb33-132" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-133"><a href="#cb33-133" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-134"><a href="#cb33-134" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">3.  </span>Make an API request by using the GET function from the httr package. The API endpoint should be passed as an argument to this function.</span>
<span id="cb33-135"><a href="#cb33-135" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-138"><a href="#cb33-138" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-139"><a href="#cb33-139" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">GET</span>(<span class="st">"https://api.example.com/endpoint"</span>) </span>
<span id="cb33-140"><a href="#cb33-140" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-141"><a href="#cb33-141" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-142"><a href="#cb33-142" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-143"><a href="#cb33-143" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">4.  </span>Check the status code of the response to see if the request was successful. A status code of <span class="in">`200`</span> indicates a successful request.</span>
<span id="cb33-144"><a href="#cb33-144" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-147"><a href="#cb33-147" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-148"><a href="#cb33-148" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| code-summary: "Request status"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-149"><a href="#cb33-149" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| </span></span>
<span id="cb33-150"><a href="#cb33-150" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>status_code <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">status_code</span>(response) </span>
<span id="cb33-151"><a href="#cb33-151" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-152"><a href="#cb33-152" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-153"><a href="#cb33-153" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-154"><a href="#cb33-154" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ss">5.  </span>Extract the data from the response. If the API returns data in JSON format, you can use the <span class="in">`fromJSON`</span> function from the <span class="in">`jsonlite`</span> package to parse the data. Store the data in a variable for later use.</span>
<span id="cb33-155"><a href="#cb33-155" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-158"><a href="#cb33-158" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-159"><a href="#cb33-159" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| code-summary: "Resulting dataframe"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-160"><a href="#cb33-160" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-161"><a href="#cb33-161" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>api_data <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">fromJSON</span>(<span class="fu">content</span>(response, <span class="at">as =</span> <span class="st">"text"</span>)) </span>
<span id="cb33-162"><a href="#cb33-162" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-163"><a href="#cb33-163" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-164"><a href="#cb33-164" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>These are the basic steps to get data from an API in R. Depending on the API, you may need to pass additional parameters or authentication information in your request. For example,</span>
<span id="cb33-165"><a href="#cb33-165" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-168"><a href="#cb33-168" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-169"><a href="#cb33-169" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| code-summary: "API with access key"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-170"><a href="#cb33-170" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-171"><a href="#cb33-171" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">GET</span>(<span class="st">"https://api.example.com/endpoint"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb33-172"><a href="#cb33-172" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>            <span class="fu">authenticate</span>(</span>
<span id="cb33-173"><a href="#cb33-173" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>                          <span class="at">user =</span> <span class="st">"API_KEY_HERE"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb33-174"><a href="#cb33-174" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>                          <span class="at">password =</span> <span class="st">"API_PASSWORD_HERE"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb33-175"><a href="#cb33-175" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>                          <span class="at">type =</span> <span class="st">"basic"</span>)) </span>
<span id="cb33-176"><a href="#cb33-176" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-177"><a href="#cb33-177" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-178"><a href="#cb33-178" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-179"><a href="#cb33-179" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### with Python {#sec-api-py}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-180"><a href="#cb33-180" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-181"><a href="#cb33-181" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>To use an API in Python, you can use a library such as <span class="in">`requests`</span> or <span class="in">`urllib`</span> to send HTTP requests to the API and receive responses. Here's an example of how to use an API in Python using the requests library:</span>
<span id="cb33-182"><a href="#cb33-182" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-185"><a href="#cb33-185" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{python}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-186"><a href="#cb33-186" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> requests</span>
<span id="cb33-187"><a href="#cb33-187" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-188"><a href="#cb33-188" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Define the API endpoint URL and parameters</span></span>
<span id="cb33-189"><a href="#cb33-189" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>endpoint <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">'https://api.example.com/data'</span></span>
<span id="cb33-190"><a href="#cb33-190" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-191"><a href="#cb33-191" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>params <span class="op">=</span> {<span class="st">'param1'</span>: <span class="st">'value1'</span>, <span class="st">'param2'</span>: <span class="st">'value2'</span>}</span>
<span id="cb33-192"><a href="#cb33-192" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-193"><a href="#cb33-193" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Send a GET request to the API endpoint</span></span>
<span id="cb33-194"><a href="#cb33-194" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="op">=</span> requests.get(endpoint, params <span class="op">=</span> params)</span>
<span id="cb33-195"><a href="#cb33-195" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-196"><a href="#cb33-196" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Check if the request was successful</span></span>
<span id="cb33-197"><a href="#cb33-197" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">if</span> response.status_code <span class="op">==</span> <span class="dv">200</span>:</span>
<span id="cb33-198"><a href="#cb33-198" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="co"># Parse the response JSON data</span></span>
<span id="cb33-199"><a href="#cb33-199" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    data <span class="op">=</span> response.json()</span>
<span id="cb33-200"><a href="#cb33-200" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-201"><a href="#cb33-201" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="co"># Process the data, for example by printing it to the console</span></span>
<span id="cb33-202"><a href="#cb33-202" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(data)</span>
<span id="cb33-203"><a href="#cb33-203" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="cf">else</span>:</span>
<span id="cb33-204"><a href="#cb33-204" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>    <span class="bu">print</span>(<span class="ss">f'Error: </span><span class="sc">{</span>response<span class="sc">.</span>status_code<span class="sc">}</span><span class="ss">'</span>)</span>
<span id="cb33-205"><a href="#cb33-205" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-206"><a href="#cb33-206" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-207"><a href="#cb33-207" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>In this example, we're using the <span class="in">`requests`</span> library to send a GET request to an API endpoint at <span class="in">`https://api.example.com/data`</span>, passing two parameters (<span class="in">`param1`</span> and <span class="in">`param2`</span>) in the request. The <span class="in">`requests.get()`</span> method returns a <span class="in">`Response`</span> object, which we can use to check the response status code and parse the response data.</span>
<span id="cb33-208"><a href="#cb33-208" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-209"><a href="#cb33-209" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>If the status code is <span class="in">`200`</span>, we can assume the request was successful, and we can parse the response data using the <span class="in">`response.json()`</span> method, which converts the JSON-formatted response to a Python object. We can then process the data as needed, for example by printing it to the console.</span>
<span id="cb33-210"><a href="#cb33-210" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-211"><a href="#cb33-211" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Of course, the exact API endpoint and parameters will depend on the specific API that you are using, and you'll need to consult the API documentation to learn how to construct your request correctly. But this example should give you a sense of the general process involved in using an API in Python.</span>
<span id="cb33-212"><a href="#cb33-212" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-213"><a href="#cb33-213" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Practical example in R and Python</span></span>
<span id="cb33-214"><a href="#cb33-214" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-215"><a href="#cb33-215" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>We will use R and Python to fetch the API data without and with the key.</span>
<span id="cb33-216"><a href="#cb33-216" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-217"><a href="#cb33-217" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### Without the key</span></span>
<span id="cb33-218"><a href="#cb33-218" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-219"><a href="#cb33-219" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>In this example, we will use an API from a site called <span class="co">[</span><span class="al">![](images/give_food.png)</span><span class="ot">{height="30"}</span><span class="co">](https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/docs/)</span> that uses an API without an API key. In this case, we will be using a <span class="in">`GET`</span> request to fetch the API data at the **food banks** using this link: <span class="ot">&lt;https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/foodbanks&gt;</span>. Please follow the steps in @sec-api-r for R and @sec-api-py for Python.</span>
<span id="cb33-220"><a href="#cb33-220" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-221"><a href="#cb33-221" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>::: {.panel-tabset group="language"}</span>
<span id="cb33-222"><a href="#cb33-222" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## R</span></span>
<span id="cb33-223"><a href="#cb33-223" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-226"><a href="#cb33-226" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-227"><a href="#cb33-227" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| eval: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-228"><a href="#cb33-228" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| </span></span>
<span id="cb33-229"><a href="#cb33-229" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-230"><a href="#cb33-230" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(httr)</span>
<span id="cb33-231"><a href="#cb33-231" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-232"><a href="#cb33-232" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(jsonlite)</span>
<span id="cb33-233"><a href="#cb33-233" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-234"><a href="#cb33-234" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(dplyr)</span>
<span id="cb33-235"><a href="#cb33-235" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-236"><a href="#cb33-236" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">GET</span>(<span class="st">"https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/foodbanks"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb33-237"><a href="#cb33-237" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-238"><a href="#cb33-238" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">status_code</span>(response)</span>
<span id="cb33-239"><a href="#cb33-239" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-240"><a href="#cb33-240" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">fromJSON</span>(<span class="fu">content</span>(response, <span class="at">as =</span> <span class="st">"text"</span>), <span class="at">flatten =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb33-241"><a href="#cb33-241" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-242"><a href="#cb33-242" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<span id="cb33-243"><a href="#cb33-243" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">dim</span>()</span>
<span id="cb33-244"><a href="#cb33-244" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-245"><a href="#cb33-245" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<span id="cb33-246"><a href="#cb33-246" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">head</span>()</span>
<span id="cb33-247"><a href="#cb33-247" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-248"><a href="#cb33-248" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-249"><a href="#cb33-249" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Python</span></span>
<span id="cb33-250"><a href="#cb33-250" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-253"><a href="#cb33-253" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{python}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-254"><a href="#cb33-254" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| eval: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-255"><a href="#cb33-255" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-256"><a href="#cb33-256" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> requests</span>
<span id="cb33-257"><a href="#cb33-257" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-258"><a href="#cb33-258" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> pandas <span class="im">as</span> pd</span>
<span id="cb33-259"><a href="#cb33-259" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-260"><a href="#cb33-260" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="op">=</span> requests.get(<span class="st">"https://www.givefood.org.uk/api/2/foodbanks"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb33-261"><a href="#cb33-261" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-262"><a href="#cb33-262" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Check if the request was successful</span></span>
<span id="cb33-263"><a href="#cb33-263" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-264"><a href="#cb33-264" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(response.status_code)</span>
<span id="cb33-265"><a href="#cb33-265" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-266"><a href="#cb33-266" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Parse the response JSON data</span></span>
<span id="cb33-267"><a href="#cb33-267" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-268"><a href="#cb33-268" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_json <span class="op">=</span> response.json()</span>
<span id="cb33-269"><a href="#cb33-269" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-270"><a href="#cb33-270" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Convert to a pandas dataframe</span></span>
<span id="cb33-271"><a href="#cb33-271" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-272"><a href="#cb33-272" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe <span class="op">=</span> pd.json_normalize(food_json)</span>
<span id="cb33-273"><a href="#cb33-273" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-274"><a href="#cb33-274" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe.shape</span>
<span id="cb33-275"><a href="#cb33-275" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-276"><a href="#cb33-276" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>food_dataframe.head()</span>
<span id="cb33-277"><a href="#cb33-277" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-278"><a href="#cb33-278" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-279"><a href="#cb33-279" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>In this example, we use the <span class="in">`pd.json_normalize()`</span> method to flatten the list of dictionaries and create a dataframe from it. The resulting dataframe has columns for each key in the JSON objects.</span>
<span id="cb33-280"><a href="#cb33-280" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:::</span>
<span id="cb33-281"><a href="#cb33-281" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-282"><a href="#cb33-282" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">### With the key</span></span>
<span id="cb33-283"><a href="#cb33-283" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-284"><a href="#cb33-284" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>In this example, we will use an API from <span class="co">[</span><span class="al">![](images/image-874061681.png)</span><span class="ot">{width="156" height="30"}</span><span class="co">](https://www.reed.co.uk/developers/Jobseeker)</span> that uses an API key. In this case, we will use a <span class="in">`GET`</span> request to fetch data for analyst jobs based in London from the <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Jobseeker</span><span class="co">](https://www.reed.co.uk/api/1.0/search?keywords=analyst&amp;location=london&amp;distancefromlocation=15)</span> API. Please follow the steps in @sec-api-r for R and @sec-api-py for Python, and sign up for the API key at the Jobseeker <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">website</span><span class="co">](https://www.reed.co.uk/developers/Jobseeker)</span>.</span>
<span id="cb33-285"><a href="#cb33-285" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-286"><a href="#cb33-286" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>::: {.panel-tabset group="language"}</span>
<span id="cb33-287"><a href="#cb33-287" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## R</span></span>
<span id="cb33-288"><a href="#cb33-288" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-291"><a href="#cb33-291" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-292"><a href="#cb33-292" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| include: false</span></span>
<span id="cb33-293"><a href="#cb33-293" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| eval: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-294"><a href="#cb33-294" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| </span></span>
<span id="cb33-295"><a href="#cb33-295" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>dotenv<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">load_dot_env</span>()</span>
<span id="cb33-296"><a href="#cb33-296" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-297"><a href="#cb33-297" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># In the .env file, make sure you add a blank line by pressing a return key to avoid incomplete final line found on '.env' warning </span></span>
<span id="cb33-298"><a href="#cb33-298" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-299"><a href="#cb33-299" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-302"><a href="#cb33-302" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-303"><a href="#cb33-303" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| eval: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-304"><a href="#cb33-304" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| </span></span>
<span id="cb33-305"><a href="#cb33-305" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-306"><a href="#cb33-306" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(httr)</span>
<span id="cb33-307"><a href="#cb33-307" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-308"><a href="#cb33-308" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(jsonlite)</span>
<span id="cb33-309"><a href="#cb33-309" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-310"><a href="#cb33-310" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(dplyr)</span>
<span id="cb33-311"><a href="#cb33-311" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-312"><a href="#cb33-312" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Create a GET response to call the API</span></span>
<span id="cb33-313"><a href="#cb33-313" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-314"><a href="#cb33-314" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">GET</span>(<span class="st">"https://www.reed.co.uk/api/1.0/search?keywords=analyst&amp;location=london&amp;distancefromlocation=15"</span>,</span>
<span id="cb33-315"><a href="#cb33-315" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">authenticate</span>(<span class="at">user =</span> <span class="fu">Sys.getenv</span>(<span class="st">"putyourapikeyhere"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb33-316"><a href="#cb33-316" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="at">password =</span> <span class="st">""</span>)) </span>
<span id="cb33-317"><a href="#cb33-317" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-318"><a href="#cb33-318" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-319"><a href="#cb33-319" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-320"><a href="#cb33-320" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:::{.callout-tip}</span>
<span id="cb33-321"><a href="#cb33-321" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Replace <span class="in">`Sys.getenv("putyourapikeyhere")`</span> with your own API key.</span>
<span id="cb33-322"><a href="#cb33-322" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:::</span>
<span id="cb33-323"><a href="#cb33-323" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-324"><a href="#cb33-324" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-325"><a href="#cb33-325" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-328"><a href="#cb33-328" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{r}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-329"><a href="#cb33-329" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| eval: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-330"><a href="#cb33-330" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-331"><a href="#cb33-331" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">status_code</span>(response)</span>
<span id="cb33-332"><a href="#cb33-332" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-333"><a href="#cb33-333" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Convert the JSON string to a dataframe and view data in a table</span></span>
<span id="cb33-334"><a href="#cb33-334" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-335"><a href="#cb33-335" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe <span class="ot">&lt;-</span> <span class="fu">fromJSON</span>(<span class="fu">content</span>(response, <span class="at">as =</span> <span class="st">"text"</span>), <span class="at">flatten =</span> <span class="cn">TRUE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb33-336"><a href="#cb33-336" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-337"><a href="#cb33-337" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># The job dataframe is inside the results</span></span>
<span id="cb33-338"><a href="#cb33-338" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-339"><a href="#cb33-339" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe<span class="sc">$</span>results <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<span id="cb33-340"><a href="#cb33-340" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">dim</span>()</span>
<span id="cb33-341"><a href="#cb33-341" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-342"><a href="#cb33-342" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe<span class="sc">$</span>results <span class="sc">%&gt;%</span> </span>
<span id="cb33-343"><a href="#cb33-343" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>  <span class="fu">head</span>()</span>
<span id="cb33-344"><a href="#cb33-344" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-345"><a href="#cb33-345" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-346"><a href="#cb33-346" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Python</span></span>
<span id="cb33-347"><a href="#cb33-347" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-350"><a href="#cb33-350" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{python}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-351"><a href="#cb33-351" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| eval: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-352"><a href="#cb33-352" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| include: false</span></span>
<span id="cb33-353"><a href="#cb33-353" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-354"><a href="#cb33-354" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> requests</span>
<span id="cb33-355"><a href="#cb33-355" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-356"><a href="#cb33-356" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> pandas <span class="im">as</span> pd</span>
<span id="cb33-357"><a href="#cb33-357" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-358"><a href="#cb33-358" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Set API endpoint and API key</span></span>
<span id="cb33-359"><a href="#cb33-359" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-360"><a href="#cb33-360" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>url <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"https://www.reed.co.uk/api/1.0/search?keywords=analyst&amp;location=london&amp;distancefromlocation=15"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-361"><a href="#cb33-361" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-362"><a href="#cb33-362" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>api_key <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"f858a25b-1f71-4c1c-afea-ad088eb241e0"</span> <span class="co"># Replace with your own API key</span></span>
<span id="cb33-363"><a href="#cb33-363" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-364"><a href="#cb33-364" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Send a GET request to the API endpoint</span></span>
<span id="cb33-365"><a href="#cb33-365" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-366"><a href="#cb33-366" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="op">=</span> requests.get(url, auth <span class="op">=</span> (api_key, <span class="st">''</span>))</span>
<span id="cb33-367"><a href="#cb33-367" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-368"><a href="#cb33-368" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Check if the request was successful</span></span>
<span id="cb33-369"><a href="#cb33-369" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-370"><a href="#cb33-370" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(response.status_code)</span>
<span id="cb33-371"><a href="#cb33-371" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-372"><a href="#cb33-372" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Parse the response JSON data</span></span>
<span id="cb33-373"><a href="#cb33-373" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-374"><a href="#cb33-374" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_json <span class="op">=</span> response.json()</span>
<span id="cb33-375"><a href="#cb33-375" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-376"><a href="#cb33-376" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Convert to a pandas dataframe</span></span>
<span id="cb33-377"><a href="#cb33-377" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-378"><a href="#cb33-378" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># The dataframe is inside the results</span></span>
<span id="cb33-379"><a href="#cb33-379" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-380"><a href="#cb33-380" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe <span class="op">=</span> pd.json_normalize(job_json[<span class="st">"results"</span>])</span>
<span id="cb33-381"><a href="#cb33-381" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-382"><a href="#cb33-382" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe.shape</span>
<span id="cb33-383"><a href="#cb33-383" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-384"><a href="#cb33-384" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe.head()</span>
<span id="cb33-385"><a href="#cb33-385" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-386"><a href="#cb33-386" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-389"><a href="#cb33-389" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{python}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-390"><a href="#cb33-390" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> requests</span>
<span id="cb33-391"><a href="#cb33-391" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-392"><a href="#cb33-392" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="im">import</span> pandas <span class="im">as</span> pd</span>
<span id="cb33-393"><a href="#cb33-393" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-394"><a href="#cb33-394" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Set API endpoint and API key</span></span>
<span id="cb33-395"><a href="#cb33-395" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-396"><a href="#cb33-396" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>url <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"https://www.reed.co.uk/api/1.0/search?keywords=analyst&amp;location=london&amp;distancefromlocation=15"</span></span>
<span id="cb33-397"><a href="#cb33-397" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-398"><a href="#cb33-398" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>api_key <span class="op">=</span> <span class="st">"replace with your own API key"</span> </span>
<span id="cb33-399"><a href="#cb33-399" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-400"><a href="#cb33-400" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-401"><a href="#cb33-401" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>Based on the instructions in the API documentation, you will need to include your API key for all requests in a basic authentication http header as the username, leaving the password empty.</span>
<span id="cb33-402"><a href="#cb33-402" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-405"><a href="#cb33-405" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{python}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-406"><a href="#cb33-406" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Send a GET request to the API endpoint</span></span>
<span id="cb33-407"><a href="#cb33-407" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-408"><a href="#cb33-408" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>response <span class="op">=</span> requests.get(url, auth <span class="op">=</span> (api_key, <span class="st">''</span>))</span>
<span id="cb33-409"><a href="#cb33-409" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-410"><a href="#cb33-410" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-413"><a href="#cb33-413" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```{python}</span></span>
<span id="cb33-414"><a href="#cb33-414" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#| eval: true</span></span>
<span id="cb33-415"><a href="#cb33-415" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-416"><a href="#cb33-416" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Check if the request was successful</span></span>
<span id="cb33-417"><a href="#cb33-417" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-418"><a href="#cb33-418" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="bu">print</span>(response.status_code)</span>
<span id="cb33-419"><a href="#cb33-419" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-420"><a href="#cb33-420" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Parse the response JSON data</span></span>
<span id="cb33-421"><a href="#cb33-421" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-422"><a href="#cb33-422" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_json <span class="op">=</span> response.json()</span>
<span id="cb33-423"><a href="#cb33-423" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-424"><a href="#cb33-424" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Convert to a pandas dataframe</span></span>
<span id="cb33-425"><a href="#cb33-425" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-426"><a href="#cb33-426" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># The dataframe is inside the results</span></span>
<span id="cb33-427"><a href="#cb33-427" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-428"><a href="#cb33-428" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe <span class="op">=</span> pd.json_normalize(job_json[<span class="st">"results"</span>])</span>
<span id="cb33-429"><a href="#cb33-429" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-430"><a href="#cb33-430" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe.shape</span>
<span id="cb33-431"><a href="#cb33-431" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-432"><a href="#cb33-432" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>job_dataframe.head()</span>
<span id="cb33-433"><a href="#cb33-433" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="in">```</span></span>
<span id="cb33-434"><a href="#cb33-434" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>:::</span>
<span id="cb33-435"><a href="#cb33-435" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-436"><a href="#cb33-436" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>You can now use the data for your data science.</span>
<span id="cb33-437"><a href="#cb33-437" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-438"><a href="#cb33-438" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">## Other resources</span></span>
<span id="cb33-439"><a href="#cb33-439" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-440"><a href="#cb33-440" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>You can also watch <span class="in">`Dean Chereden`</span> YouTube video on how to GET data from an API using R in RStudio.</span>
<span id="cb33-441"><a href="#cb33-441" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-442"><a href="#cb33-442" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>{{&lt; video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhZ42vSmDmE&amp;list=PLfXinLezajxuWY8QyhQ7joAC8bL_dz1pd&amp;index=7 aspect-ratio="16x9" &gt;}}</span>
<span id="cb33-443"><a href="#cb33-443" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-444"><a href="#cb33-444" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span id="cb33-445"><a href="#cb33-445" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb33-446"><a href="#cb33-446" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>I hope you found this article informative. You can find its GitHub repository <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">here</span><span class="co">](https://github.com/gbganalyst/API-in-R-and-Python)</span>. If you enjoyed reading this write-up, please follow me on <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Twitter</span><span class="co">](https://twitter.com/gbganalyst)</span> and <span class="co">[</span><span class="ot">Linkedin</span><span class="co">](https://linkedin.com/in/ezekiel-ogundepo)</span> for more updates on <span class="in">`R`</span>, <span class="in">`Python`</span>, and <span class="in">`Excel`</span> for data science.</span>
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