Would the solution here not be as simple as adding this snippet to crates\ruff_linter\src\rules\pylint\rules\import_private_name.rs?:

        if matches!(import_info.qualified_name.segments(), ["os", "_exit"]) {
            continue;
        }

Are there any situations where we would need to expand on this?

That solution could work. There are other underscore-initial public module members in the standard library, though, so the list will probably be expanded at some point.