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chapter-02-simple-calculations-exam-problems.md

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## Exam Problems
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Now, after having revised how to make simple calculations and how to read and print numbers from the console, let's go to the tasks. We will solve a few **problems from a SoftUni entrance exam**.
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Now, after having revised how to make simple calculations and how to read and print numbers from the console, let's go to the tasks. We will solve a few **problems from a SoftUni practical exam**.
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## Problem: Training Lab

chapter-07-complex-loops.md

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Test your solution here: [https://judge.softuni.org/Contests/Practice/Index/1057#8](https://judge.softuni.org/Contests/Practice/Index/1057#8).
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## Infinite Loops and The break Operator
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## Infinite Loops and The `break` Operator
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So far, we were introduced to various types of loops, learning what structures they have and how they are applied. Now, we need to understand what an **infinite loop** is, when it occurs, and how we can **break** it using the **`break`** operator.
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![](/assets/chapter-7-1-images/00.Infinite-while-loop-01.png)
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### The break Operator
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### The `break` Operator
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We already know that the infinite loop executes a certain code infinitely, but what if we want at some point under a given condition to interrupt and exit the loop? The **`break`** operator comes in handy in this situation.
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Test your solution here: [https://judge.softuni.org/Contests/Practice/Index/1057#9](https://judge.softuni.org/Contests/Practice/Index/1057#9).
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### The break Operator in an Infinite Loop
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### The `break` Operator in an Infinite Loop
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Write a function, which checks whether a given number **n** is even and if so - print it on the console. An even number can be divided by 2 without a remainder. If the number is invalid, we will print that the current number is not even and the user will need to input a new number.
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Test your solution here: [https://judge.softuni.org/Contests/Practice/Index/1057#10](https://judge.softuni.org/Contests/Practice/Index/1057#10).
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## Nested Loops and The break Operator
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## Nested Loops and The `break` Operator
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Now since we know what **nested loops** are and how the **`break`** operator works, it is time to figure out how they work together. To get a better idea, we should write a **function** step by step, that should make all possible combinations of **number pairs**. The first number in the pair is increasing from 1 to 3, while the second one is decreasing from 3 to 1. Our solution must continue running until **`i + j`** **is not** equal to 2 (i.e. **`i = 1`** and **`j = 1`**).
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chapter-09-problems-for-champions.md

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## More Complex Problems on The Studied Material
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Together we will solve several programming problems that cover the material studied in the book, but are more difficult than the usual problems of the entrance exams at SoftUni. If you want to **become a programming basics champion**, we recommend practicing solving such complex tasks to make it easier for you to take exams.
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Together we will solve several programming problems that cover the material studied in the book, but are more difficult than the usual problems of the practical exams at SoftUni. If you want to **become a programming basics champion**, we recommend practicing solving such complex tasks to make it easier for you to take exams.
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## Problem: Crossing Sequences

chapter-10-functions.md

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Up until now, we were looking at functions that execute a particular action such as printing some text, value, or a string of characters on the console. Other than such functions, there also can be functions that **return** a value as a **result** of their execution – for example, this could the multiplication of two numbers. It will be these functions that will be the topic of our discussion in the next few lines.
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### The return Keyword
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### The `return` Keyword
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To return a value that is the result of the function’s execution we use the return keyword. It must be **used in the body** of the function and indicates to the program to **stop the execution** of the function and **returns value** to the caller of the function which is written as an argument after the keyword ‘return’. In the example that follows, there is a function that reads two names from the console, concatenates them, and returns them as a result:
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It is important to notice that the returned value by the function can be of a **different type** compared to the argument’s type - string, integer, floating-point number, etc.
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#### The Code After return is Unreachable
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#### The Code After `return` is Unreachable
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After the **`return`** keyword in a given function, the execution of the function is terminated, and the execution of the program continues where the function was last called. If there are other instructions written after the **`return`** keyword, they will not be executed. Some IDEs (including **PyCharm**) will inform you of the following warning:
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