Add Python implementation for sparse_number

Author: Charliiee

BitManipulation/Sparse_number/sparse_number.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+def is_sparse(n):
+    # a number n is sparse if there are no two
+    # adjacent 1's in its binary representation
+    # ex: 5 (101) is sparse, but 6 (110) is not
+    # Therefore, a sparse number when shifted one position
+    # will have no collapsing 1's on an AND operation
+    return not n & (n>>1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    n = int(input())
+    print(is_sparse(n))